Fabricating Antibacterial and Antioxidant Electrospun Hydrophilic Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers Loaded with AgNPs by Lignin-Induced In-Situ Method

Abstract

Concerning the environmental hazards owing to the chemical-based synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), this study aimed to investigate the possibility of synthesizing AgNPs on the surface polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers utilizing biomacromolecule lignin. SEM observations revealed that the average diameters of the produced nanofibers were slightly increased from ~512 nm to ~673 nm due to several factors like-swellings that happened during the salt treatment process, surface-bound lignin, and the presence of AgNPs. The presence of AgNPs was validated by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The amount of synthesized AgNPs on PAN nanofibers was found to be dependent on both precursor silver salt and reductant lignin concentration. Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) spectra confirm the presence of lignin on PAN nanofibers. Although the X-ray diffraction pattern did not show any AgNPs band, the reduced intensity of the stabilized PAN characteristics bands at 2θ = 17.28o and 29.38o demonstrated some misalignment of PAN polymeric chains. The water contact angle (WCA) of hydrophobic PAN nanofibers was reduced from 112.6 ± 4.16o to 21.4 ± 5.03o for the maximum AgNPs coated specimen. The prepared membranes exhibited low thermal stability and good swelling capacity up to 20.1 ± 0.92 g/g and 18.05±0.68 g/g in distilled water and 0.9 wt% NaCl solution, respectively. Coated lignin imparts antioxidant activity up to 78.37 ± 0.12% at 12 h of incubation. The resultant nanofibrous membranes showed a proportional increase in antibacterial efficacy with the rise in AgNPs loading against both Gram-positive S. aureus and Gram-negative E. coli bacterial strains by disc diffusion test (AATCC 147-1998). Halos for maximum AgNPs loading was calculated to 18.89 ± 0.15 mm for S. aureus and 21.38 ± 0.17 mm for E. coli. An initial burst release of silver elements within 24 h was observed in the inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) test, and the release amounts were proportionally expansive with the increase in Ag contents. Our results demonstrated that such types of composite nanofibers have a strong potential to be used in biomedicine.

Electrospun Biodegradable Nanofibers Coated Homogenously by Cu Magnetron Sputtering Exhibit Fast Ion Release. Computational and Experimental Study

“…The area of applications of nanofibrous mats is vast. Mainly, the biomedical use of nanofibers attracts the attention of many researchers because they efficiently accelerate wound healing [11,12], may filter bacteria and viruses [13,14], and regenerate the bones [15][16][17][18]. The use of nanofibers with Cu/Cu-oxide coatings for biomedical applications was not fully covered in the literature compared to, e.g., Ag nanoparticles.…”

Biobased Antiviral Nonwoven Mask Filter with High Filtration Performance

“…With a longer reaction time, the AgNPs might have served as sites for the remaining Ag + ions to nucleate and grow into form smaller particles. These nanoparticles could aggregate into bigger heterogenuous clusters, thereby resulting in the broadening of particle size distribution. , …”

Electrospun PVA/CuONPs/Bitter Gourd Nanofibers with Improved Cytocompatibility and Antibacterial Properties: Application as Antibacterial Wound Dressing

“…The antibacterial properties of the prepared PVA/MC and PVA/MC/CuO nanofibers were observed by testing the antibacterial activity against Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis using the disk diffusion method [ 38 , 39 , 45 , 46 ]. We chose Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis in this study on the basis that both Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis are among the major bacteria that exist in the living environment.…”