Fabrication and biocompatibility of novel bilayer scaffold for skin tissue engineering applications

Abstract

In this study, a novel bilayer scaffold composed of electrospun polycaprolactone and poly(lacto-co-glycolic acid) (PCL/PLGA) membrane and glutaraldehyde (3.5% v/v) cross-linked chitosan/gelatin hydrogel was fabricated using two methods: electrospinning of the membrane onto the lyophilized hydrogel (BS-1) and membrane underlaying and casting method (BS-2). The morphology of the fabricated scaffolds was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Mechanical strength, porosity, swelling capacity, and biodegradation rates of the scaffolds were also characterized. The in vitro biocompatibility of the materials was investigated by assessing cytotoxicity and cell proliferation on the material was measured using MTT assay. In addition, cell adhesion on the material was investigated by SEM. The BS-2 was grafted in Sprague-Dawley rats to determine its in vivo behavior and biocompatibility. The experimental results showed that the addition of the membrane layer to the hydrogel decreased swelling and degradation rates and provided ease of handling during implantation. Grafted BS-2 showed normal wound healing and no major inflammatory reaction was observed.

Polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl alcohol/ polyvinyl pyrrolidone biomedical foams crosslinked by gamma irradiation

“…More importantly, the foams must be biocompatible with body tissues for biomedical applications such as absorption of serum in eye surgery, making scaffolds for cell growth, and in drug delivery systems. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Various methods for preparation of biomedical foams have been reported including gas foaming of N 2 or CO 2 , overrun process (mechanical mixing of polymer solution at low temperature to entrap air bubbles) 10,11 and using a foaming agent. [12][13][14][15] These techniques are usually associated with polymer cross-linking methods.…”

Tri-layered chitosan scaffold as a potential skin substitute

“…Researchers have made scaffolds composed of two distinctive structural layers and seeded them with fibroblasts and keratinocytes to mimic the structure and functions of a full-thickness skin. [5][6][7][8] Wang et al [5] fabricated a bi-layered gelatin sponge. The two gelatin layers have different pore sizes from being freeze-dried at different temperatures.…”

Epidermal Stem Cells Cultured on Collagen-Modified Chitin Membrane Induce In Situ Tissue Regeneration of Full-Thickness Skin Defects in Mice

“…However, the limited donor grafts and tedious surgeries urge the development of proper skin substitutes through tissue engineering. Current artificial skin materials include epidermal substitute, dermal substitute and full skin substitute [8], [9], [10]. However, cells in these substitutes have a relatively weak ability to proliferate and self-renew, which affects the outcome of repair, with the results of blisters, scar hyperplasia and severe contraction.…”