Fabrication and characterization of lead sulfide (PbS) thin film based heterostructure (FTO/CdS/PbS/Ag) solar cell by nebulizer spray method

Rosario, S. Rex; Kulandaisamy, I.; Arulanantham, A. M. S.; Kumar, K. Deva Arun; Valanarasu, S.; Shkir, Mohd.; Kathalingam, A.; AlFaify, S.

doi:10.1088/2053-1591/ab0593

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The preferred orientations were along (111), (200), (220), (311), (222), and (400) planes for the prepared PbS:Ag thin films. These diffraction peaks fit with the standard JCPDS data file reference code well: 77‐0244, and also, it assigned as cubic crystal with polycrystalline nature. The whole XRD spectrum exposes a strong peak along (200) plane, indicating that the plane has minimal surface energy for the high orientation of the crystallites relative to others.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…The crystal orientation of the PbS:Ag films were identified through the calculation of texture coefficient (TC) by below formula

TC ((), hkl) = \frac{I ((), hkl) / I_{0} ((), hkl)}{N_{r}^{- 1} \sum I ((), hkl) / I_{0} ((), hkl)},

where I (hkl) and I 0 (hkl) are perceived and established intensities and N is total reflections.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure A‐D illustrates the images from SEM for PbS:Ag films with different Ag doping concentrations from 2% to 8%. In SEM images, it is observed that the Ag ions are incorporated in PbS lattice; it established some important modifications as compared with the pure PbS film surface . In general, the morphology of prepared nanostructure has considerable influence on the electrical properties.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, doping with host PbS with different metal ions foster to enhance and control its optical and electrical properties. Many reports are available for doping on PbS with various elements as Sn, Al, Sb, Cu, Sr, and Cd . The present study focuses on doping of silver (Ag) ions on PbS to attain device quality film, crack‐free surface with tunable microstructure and with suitable optoelectronic and transport properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many reports are available for doping on PbS with various elements as Sn, Al, Sb, Cu, Sr, and Cd. [20][21][22][23][24][25] The present study focuses on doping of silver (Ag) ions on PbS to attain device quality film, crack-free surface with tunable microstructure and with suitable optoelectronic and transport properties. Many deposition techniques have been carried out to prepare PbS thin films like electrodeposition, SILAR, CBD, and spray pyrolysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Ag‐doped PbS thin films by nebulizer spray pyrolysis for solar cells

Rosario¹,

Kulandaisamy²,

Kumar

et al. 2020

Int J Energy Res

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Silver (Ag)‐doped PbS (PbS:Ag) thin films of 616 to 745 nm in thickness were prepared on glass substrates via cost‐effective nebulizer spray method by adding different Ag levels from 2% to 8% at 200°C. For solar cell applications, the effect of Ag doping concentration on structural, morphological, optical, photoluminescence, and electrical chattels of PbS thin film has been studied. X‐ray diffraction pattern confirmed the polycrystalline behavior of the prepared PbS:Ag films with cubic crystalline nature. The crystalline size and texture coefficient were increased by increasing Ag doping concentration. From the morphological studies by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM), the grain size of the films and surface roughness values were increased for the increase in Ag doping concentration. EDS spectra confirmed the existence of Ag, Pb, and S elements in the select 6% Ag‐doped PbS film. Peaks related to silver oxide started to emerge at 6% of Ag doping level. The optical direct band gap value was reduced from 1.51 to 1.17 eV for Ag doping from 2% to 6% and thereby slightly increased as 1.79 eV for 8% Ag doping level. For all PbS:Ag films, the photoluminescence spectrum emitted a strong near band edge (NBE) emission at approximately 580 nm, meaning better optical quality. Hall effect measurements evidenced that Ag doping provides enhancement on the characteristics of mobility, carrier concentration, and resistivity with p‐type conducting nature. The observed high carrier concentration and low resistivity values were 4.32 × 1014 cm−3 and 80 Ωcm, for 6% Ag‐doped PbS film. The FTO/CdS/PbS:Ag heterostructure solar cell was formed from 6% Ag‐doped film.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…The crystal orientation of the PbS:Ag films were identified through the calculation of texture coefficient (TC) by below formula

TC ((), hkl) = \frac{I ((), hkl) / I_{0} ((), hkl)}{N_{r}^{- 1} \sum I ((), hkl) / I_{0} ((), hkl)},

where I (hkl) and I 0 (hkl) are perceived and established intensities and N is total reflections.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Ag‐doped PbS thin films by nebulizer spray pyrolysis for solar cells

Rosario¹,

Kulandaisamy²,

Kumar

et al. 2020

Int J Energy Res

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Band Gap Engineering of Binary and Cobalt‐Doped PbS Thin Films Integrated by SILAR Method for Optoelectronic Potentials

Fazal,

Mahmood,

Ismail

et al. 2024

Microscopy Res & Technique

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thin films of PbS, both undoped and cobalt‐doped (Co‐PbS), were produced on glass substrates using the straightforward and controllable approach of sequential ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR). The reactive substances employed to deposit the PbS thin films were lead nitrate (Pb(NO3)2), cobalt nitrate (Co(NO₃)₂(H₂O)₆), sodium thiosulphate (Na2S2O3) and H2O for different dipping concentrations of lead and cobalt. The films were adherent to the substrate and were compact, and crack‐free with a shiny silver color. The films were structurally characterized by XRD and were found well crystallized according to the face‐centered cubic formation. The films were optically characterized by the UV–Vis. spectrophotometer and absorption were found stronger in the UV and UV–Vis. region and then diminishes. Band gaps were determined to be between 1.8 eV and 2.2 eV, making them significant materials with the option of band gap engineering according to the desire by manipulating the compositions.

show abstract