Fabrication and characterization of non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on bimetallic hollow Ag/Pt nanoparticles prepared by galvanic replacement reaction

Abstract

A non-enzymatic glucose sensor was successfully fabricated by immobilization of bimetallic hollow Ag/Pt nanoparticles (BH-Ag/Pt NPs) using the galvanic replacement reaction onto the surface of the pretreated pure Au electrode. The morphology and composition of the BH-Ag/Pt NPs were investigated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), which proved the formation of bimetallic hollow Ag/Pt nanoparticles. The electroactive surface area and interface property of the Au electrode modified by BH-Ag/Pt NPs were measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The associated calculated values were 0.210 cm 2 and 11.30 Ω cm 2 , which were distinctly higher than those of the pure Au electrode. The electrocatalytic properties of the modified electrode toward glucose oxidation were evaluated by CV and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The results showed that the modified electrode had a high electrocatalytic activity toward glucose oxidation, a linear response to the glucose concentrations ranging from 1 to 12 mM covering the physiological level of 3-8 mM with a current sensitivity of 7 μA mM −1 and a low detection limit of 0.013 mM. Moreover, the modified electrode also showed ideal reproducibility, long-term stability, and high selectivity. It also showed good glucometer test values for real samples. Therefore, both of the facile preparation method and the excellent properties of the Au electrode modified by BH-Ag/Pt NPs could potentially be implemented to develop novel non-enzymatic glucose sensors.

Non‐enzymatic glucose sensor based on three‐dimensional hierarchical Co 3 O 4 nanobooks

“…For non-enzymatic glucose sensors, their sensing performance mainly depends on the electrode materials [3]. In recent years, a wide variety of electrode materials, such as metals [4][5][6][7][8] and metal oxides [2,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], have been already applied to assemble non-enzymatic glucose sensors. Among them, cobalt cobaltite (Co 3 O 4 ) is one of the most promising materials, due to its good catalytic activity and durable stability in alkaline media [15].…”

Facile Synthesis of Ag@Pt Core-Shell Nanoparticles with Different Dendrites Pt Shells

“…In Figure a, an individual diffraction peak was observed at about 32°, which could be classified as the (200) plane of AgCl, possibly because the redox potential [PtCl 6 − /Pt] (0.71 V vs. SCH)is higher than that of [AgCl/Ag] (0.22 V vs. SCH). When the PtCl 6 − was not immediately reduced to Pt by AA, The PtCl 6 − can be easily replaced by Ag, then the Ag + and Cl − combined to form AgCl …”

Developments of the Electroactive Materials for Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensing and Their Mechanisms

“…Given that there remain some difficulties in the mono-metallic electrocatalysts, the bimetallic electrocatalysts have also been studied to solve the aforementioned dilemma [217][218][219][220][221][222][223][224][225][226][227][228]. Various combinations of the metals are present, such as Ag-Cu [217], Ag-Pd [218], Ag-Pt [219], Au-Pt [220], Co-Pt [221], Cu-Ni [222,223], Ni-Fe [224], Ni-Pt [225,226], Pd-Pt [227], and Pt-Ru [228]. According to the references, the integrations of different metals could be noble-noble, noble-transition, and transition-transition for tailoring each other.…”