Fabrication and characterization of SnO2 nanorods for room temperature gas sensors

Abstract

Highly sensitive large-scale tin oxide (SnO2) nanostructures were grown on a glass substrate by thermal evaporation of a mixture of anhydrous tin (II) chloride (SnCl2) and zinc chloride (ZnCl2) powders at 550°C in air. We demonstrate a single cell vapor deposition system to precisely control nanostructural morphology of SnO2 by changing the weight ratio of SnCl2 and ZnCl2 and growth temperature. The morphology and structural property of as-grown nanostructures were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The SEM images revealed that the SnO2 nanostructures with different densities, sizes, and shapes can be achieved by adjusting the weight ratio of SnCl2 and ZnCl2. A thin film gas sensor based on SnO2 nanostructures with diameter ∼20 nm and length ∼100 nm showed ∼85% sensitivity and 53 seconds of response time, whereas the nanorods with diameter ∼100 nm and length ∼ 1μm showed ∼50% sensitivity with 198 seconds response time. The nanostructured material with small size and shape showed better sensitivity on sensing at room temperature compared to previously reported SnO2 based sensors.

Performance of hybrid SnO2/Li2FeMn3O8 nanostructured electrode for efficient Li ion storage application

“…In addition, the nanorods are well crystalized as results of the enhanced (002) peaks, which grows the crystals on the (001) direction. The XRD pattern also matched with the JCPDS Card #41-1445, which is in an agreement with the results of Sharma et al (Sharma et al, 2018). In addition, the SnO 2 exhibited a rutile structure, which is associated with tetragonal Kawai et al (Kawai et al, 1998).…”

1D Titanium Dioxide: Achievements in Chemical Sensing

“…Their wide band gap, along with the exceptional electrical properties, makes MOXs among the leading candidate for transparent electronic devices [2]. Indeed, tin oxide (SnO 2 ) in different nanostructures forms such as nanowires [3,4], nanobelt [5,6] and nanorods [7,8] is the most widely investigated material in the field of chemical/gas sensing.…”

Innovative Approach to Photo-Chemiresistive Sensing Technology: Surface-Fluorinated SnO2 for VOC Detection

“…3−6 However, further advancement along the line is limited as SnO 2 requires high working temperatures (>350 °C), 3 which besides leading to high power consumption and raising safety issues due to possible ignition of VOCs, can also adversely affect the stability and reliability of the oxide film due to plausible annealing. 7,8 Much effort has been made in the literature to reduce the operating temperature by creating oxygen vacancies 9 or surface engineering of the oxide via designing hybrid nanomaterials, 10 doping, 11 faceted or onedimensional (1D) growth, 12,13 and heterostructuring. 14,15 This way, the chemical and physical properties of the oxide can get modified, accelerating gas diffusion on the surface, thereby shortening the response time and lowering the working temperature.…”