“…Various noble-metal-based nanostructures, such as gold and silver, are the primary materials used in SPR-based sensors. − However, their high cost and the limitations of silver, such as its easy oxidation or sulfuration, can hinder the widespread commercialization of these sensors. In recent years, varieties of aluminum (Al) nanostructures have been investigated for SPR-based sensors owing to their advantages over other metals, including their natural abundance and cost-effectiveness. − Surface-passivated Al nanostructures that have a very thin alumina layer (∼3 nm) are also highly stable and adaptable to complex application environments. − Currently, Al nanostructures, including nanodisks, nanoslits, and nanopyramids, have been prepared for SPR-based sensors using methods such as electron beam lithography, laser interference lithography, and nanoimprinting.…”