Fabrication methods of biopolymeric microgels and microgel-based hydrogels

Farjami, Toktam; Madadlou, Ashkan

doi:10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.08.017

Cited by 104 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Current approaches to prepare and print spherical microgels for extrusion bioprinting and other biomedical applications include spraying, microfluidic, emulsion and stereolithography ( 14 ). All of these approaches have advantages and disadvantages, including poor scalability, the need for oils and additives, and restriction to the use of low viscous polymer solutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Bioprinting of Architected Hydrogels from Entangled Microstrands

Kessel¹,

Lee²,

Bonato³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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31Hydrogels are an excellent biomimetic of the extracellular matrix and have found great 32 use in tissue engineering. Nanoporous monolithic hydrogels have limited mass transport, 33 restricting diffusion of key biomolecules. Structured microbead-hydrogels overcome some 34 of these limitations, but suffer from lack of controlled anisotropy. Here we introduce a 35 novel method for producing architected hydrogels based on entanglement of microstrands. 36 The microstrands are mouldable and form a porous structure which is stable in water. 37 Entangled microstrands are useable as bioinks for 3D bioprinting, where they align during 38 the extrusion process. Cells co-printed with the microstrands show excellent viability and 39 augmented matrix deposition resulting in a modulus increase from 2.7 kPa to 780.2 kPa 40 after 6 weeks of culture. Entangled microstands are a new class of bioinks with 41 unprecedented advantages in terms of scalability, material versatility, mass transport, 42 showing foremost outstanding properties as a bioink for 3D printed tissue grafts. 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 129 130 131 Results 132 133 Entangled Microstrand Materials are Mouldable, Stable in Water and Macroporous 134 135Here we report on a robust and versatile method for preparing 'entangled' microstrands. 136 Bulk hyaluronan-methacrylate (HA-MA) hydrogels were mechanically pressed through a 137

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Bioprinting of Architected Hydrogels from Entangled Microstrands

Kessel¹,

Lee²,

Bonato³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…In common, these hydrophilic units are crosslinked by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, specific ions, pH change, or temperature drop, resulting in the formation of the 3D network and the sol–gel transition . The microgels, microparticles made of hydrogel, provide high suspension stability in water, short diffusion path, and high reconfigurability, which are appealing for advanced applications such as drug delivery, immunoisolation of cells, building blocks for tissue engineering, and bioimaging and sensing . The microgels are usually prepared by confining hydrogel precursors in microcompartments and curing them with the physical or chemical cue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite Microgels Created by Complexation between Polyvinyl Alcohol and Graphene Oxide in Compressed Double‐Emulsion Drops

Choi

Lee

et al. 2019

Small

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Microgels, microparticles made of hydrogels, show fast diffusion kinetics and high reconfigurability while maintaining the advantages of hydrogels, being useful for various applications. Here, presented is a new microfluidic strategy for producing polymer‐graphene oxide (GO) composite microgels without chemical cues or a temperature swing for gelation. As a main component of microgels, polymers that are able to form hydrogen bonds, such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), are used. In the mixture of PVA and GO, GO is tethered by PVA through hydrogen bonding. When the mixture is rapidly concentrated in the core of double‐emulsion drops by osmotic‐pressure‐driven water pumping, PVA‐tethered GO sheets form a nematic phase with a planar alignment. In addition, the GO sheets are linked by additional hydrogen bonds, leading to a sol–gel transition. Therefore, the PVA–GO composite remains undissolved when it is directly exposed to water by oil‐shell rupture. These composite microgels can be also produced using poly(ethylene oxide) or poly(acrylic acid), instead of PVA. In addition, the microgels can be functionalized by incorporating other polymers in the presence of the hydrogel‐forming polymers. It is shown that the multicomponent microgels made from a mixture of polyacrylamide, PVA, and GO show an excellent adsorption capacity for impurities.

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“…The needs for environmental friendly materials to replace the fossil‐fuel‐based product become urgent. Microgels derived from naturally occurring biopolymers have been studied for decades . The conventional approaches to prepare microgels made of readily formed biopolymers include inverse emulsification, coacervation, and desolvation techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A critical step for all these approaches requires a phase separation on micro‐scale to generate discrete emulsion droplets. Biopolymers inside droplets are subsequently cross‐linked to form microgels and isolated with consecutive wash steps . In this case, the subsequent removal of oil phase (e.g., hexane and heptane) from microgels adds to the processing costs and increases the environmental footprint.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microgels derived from naturally occurring biopolymers have been studied for decades. [7][8][9] The conventional approaches to prepare microgels made of readily formed biopolymers include inverse emulsification, coacervation, and desolvation techniques. A critical step for all these approaches requires a phase separation on micro-scale to generate discrete emulsion droplets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Insight into the Preparation of Starch‐Based Spherical Microgels with Tunable Volume

2019

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In this paper, novel, eco‐friendly spherical cationic starch (CS) microgels are successfully prepared by partially gelatinizing CS granules, followed by stabilizing the structure with a cross‐linker (sodium trimetaphosphate, STMP). Discrete and spherical swollen CS granules are first obtained by partially gelatinizing CS starch at 50 °C for 10 min, without the need for inverse emulsification. Various amounts of STMP are reacted with partially gelatinized CS granules to examine the effect of cross‐linking density on the swelling behaviors. Depending on the degree of cross‐linking, the average diameter of CS microgels in water ranges from 55 to 75 µm. The STMP cross‐linking strengthens the structure of CS microgels through chemical cross‐linking (via distarch monophosphate formation) and ionic cross‐linking (via trapping unreacted STMP). Upon changing the environmental pH and ionic strength, it is found that the swelling volume of microgel is mainly controlled by the excess cationic groups and chemical cross‐linking. Having a relatively stable swelling ratio within a wide pH range (3–9) and a good viscosity thickening ability, the CS microgel shows great potential as a natural thickener (texture stabilizer) in personal care products.

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Fabrication methods of biopolymeric microgels and microgel-based hydrogels

Cited by 104 publications

References 69 publications

3D Bioprinting of Architected Hydrogels from Entangled Microstrands

3D Bioprinting of Architected Hydrogels from Entangled Microstrands

Composite Microgels Created by Complexation between Polyvinyl Alcohol and Graphene Oxide in Compressed Double‐Emulsion Drops

New Insight into the Preparation of Starch‐Based Spherical Microgels with Tunable Volume

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