Fabrication of 3D Biomimetic Microfluidic Networks in Hydrogels

Heintz, Keely A.; Bregenzer, Michael E.; Mantle, Jennifer L.; Lee, Kelvin H.; West, Jennifer L.; Slater, John H.

doi:10.1002/adhm.201600351

Cited by 117 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…To work around the challenges of 3D printing, the reverse order can be followed in fabrication, starting with a block of matrix and removing material where the channels that mimic the vessels should be. Currently, laser ablation is one of the methods capable of doing this in a controllable way with high resolution in different matrix materials [60,61]. This results in complex networks that mimic the in vivo vasculature in size and geometry and that can be biologically active by performing the ablation in cell loaded matrices [62].…”

Section: Laser Ablationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The difficulties with this method are: control over cell location within the matrix and thus the architecture, the relatively long fabrication time, and limited size due to the optical working distance. Laser ablation is especially useful for creating accurate copies of known vasculature networks or editing existing networks on the spot [61,62]. It is, therefore, a powerful tool for investigating flow and distribution behaviour in a complex network [62].…”

Section: Laser Ablationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recapitulating the Vasculature Using Organ-On-Chip Technology

Pollet

Toonder

2020

Bioengineering

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The development of Vasculature-on-Chip has progressed rapidly over the last decade and recently, a wealth of fabrication possibilities has emerged that can be used for engineering vessels on a chip. All these fabrication methods have their own advantages and disadvantages but, more importantly, the capability of recapitulating the in vivo vasculature differs greatly between them. The first part of this review discusses the biological background of the in vivo vasculature and all the associated processes. We then evaluate the biological relevance of different fabrication methods proposed for Vasculature-on-Chip, we indicate their possibilities and limitations, and we assess which fabrication methods are capable of recapitulating the intrinsic complexity of the vasculature. This review illustrates the complexity involved in developing in vitro vasculature and provides an overview of fabrication methods for Vasculature-on-Chip in relation to the biological relevance of such methods.

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Section: Laser Ablationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Laser Ablationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recapitulating the Vasculature Using Organ-On-Chip Technology

Pollet

Toonder

2020

Bioengineering

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“…Subtractive strategies employing light to date have relied on photoablative methods, whereby large intensities of high-energy light induces material degradation through non-specific chemical bond photolysis, extreme local heating, or microcavitation. [18,19] Though effective in controlling 3D channel geometry, the use of photoablation raises serious concerns over the effects of ablative laser light on cellular integrity and processes while opening unanswered questions regarding the integrity of surrounding materials. To truly exploit the potential of light-based subtraction for vascular engineering, strategies that employ cytocompatible wavelengths and intensities of light to create multicellular 3D tissues remain in great need.…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicellular Vascularized Engineered Tissues through User‐Programmable Biomaterial Photodegradation

et al. 2017

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A photodegradable material-based approach to generate endothelialized 3D vascular networks within cell-laden hydrogel biomaterials is introduced. Exploiting multiphoton lithography, microchannel networks spanning nearly all size scales of native human vasculature are readily generated with unprecedented user-defined 4D control. Intraluminal channel architectures are fully customizable, providing new opportunities for next-generation microfluidics and directed cell function.

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“…Photolithography uses photosensitive materials to create desired channel patterns on silicon wafers by shining ultraviolet light through a mask, and soft lithography replicates the patterned channels into microdevices. Other popular top-down methods include 3D printing, in which sacrificial materials such as carbohydrate glass [42] are printed onto a substrate before being removed in a biocompatible fashion, and spatial laser degradation [43], in which a substrate is degraded utilizing a focused, pulsed laser. Because most of these methods require expensive equipment and are time consuming, alternative approaches have been developed that incorporate off-the-shelf materials, such as those which utilize polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) optical fibers [44] as a mold as illustrated in Figure 1, and the needle extraction method [45].…”

Section: Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascularized Microfluidics and the Blood–Endothelium Interface

2019

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The microvasculature is the primary conduit through which the human body transmits oxygen, nutrients, and other biological information to its peripheral tissues. It does this through bidirectional communication between the blood, consisting of plasma and non-adherent cells, and the microvascular endothelium. Current understanding of this blood-endothelium interface has been predominantly derived from a combination of reductionist two-dimensional in vitro models and biologically complex in vivo animal models, both of which recapitulate the human microvasculature to varying but limited degrees. In an effort to address these limitations, vascularized microfluidics have become a platform of increasing importance as a consequence of their ability to isolate biologically complex phenomena while also recapitulating biochemical and biophysical behaviors known to be important to the function of the blood-endothelium interface. In this review, we discuss the basic principles of vascularized microfluidic fabrication, the contribution this platform has made to our understanding of the blood-endothelium interface in both homeostasis and disease, the limitations and challenges of these vascularized microfluidics for studying this interface, and how these inform future directions.

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Fabrication of 3D Biomimetic Microfluidic Networks in Hydrogels

Cited by 117 publications

References 51 publications

Recapitulating the Vasculature Using Organ-On-Chip Technology

Recapitulating the Vasculature Using Organ-On-Chip Technology

Multicellular Vascularized Engineered Tissues through User‐Programmable Biomaterial Photodegradation

Vascularized Microfluidics and the Blood–Endothelium Interface

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