Fabrication of a cubic zirconia nanocoating on a titanium dental implant with excellent adhesion, hardness and biocompatibility

Abstract

A crystalline cubic zirconia (ZrO 2 ) nanocoating was fabricated in situ on commercially pure titanium metal (cpTi) as a superior dental implant with enhanced biocompatibility. The crystallinity of the nanocoating was achieved at a moderately lower annealing temperature (350 C) in air using a simple sol-gel method applying a successive layer-by-layer dip-coating technique. Such a procedure facilitates the growth of cubic phase zirconia without noticeable deterioration of the metallic Ti. The bioactivity and biocompatibility of this ZrO 2 coated cpTi (Z-cpTi) were assessed in terms of apatite precipitation through immersion in simulated body fluid, and cell proliferation, respectively for several periods of time. The newly designed Z-cpTi showed unique apatite forming ability, better biocompatibility and tissue attachment properties, and is expected to reduce inflammatory response compared to the bare Ti implants. Moreover, the chemical inertness, corrosion and wear resistant properties, high strength, and appearance of this ZrO 2 nanocoating suggest the probable expediency of Z-cpTi as an advanced oral implant for long-standing performance. † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: GIXRD patterns of dried and heat-treated 3L-ZrO 2 coating on glass (Fig. S1), TEM with SAED pattern of the dried ZrO 2 coating material (Fig. S2). See

The Impact of Dental Implant Surface Modifications on Osseointegration and Biofilm Formation

“…Nanocomposite coatings have also been used on dental implants to manipulate materials’ mechanical properties to better match natural bone [ 139 ]. Various nanoparticles, including but not limited to titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), silver (Ag), hydroxyapatite (HA), pectins, cubic zirconia, ultra-nanocrystalline diamond, carbon nanotube, can be added to titanium using both physical and chemical techniques [ 139 , 140 , 141 , 142 , 143 ]. Typical physical methods include nanoparticle compaction, plasma spraying deposition, physical vapor deposition, and hot isostatic pressing [ 57 ].…”

Bio-Tribocorrosion of Titanium Dental Implants and Its Toxicological Implications: A Scoping Review

“…e TiN film coated on Ti-Nb alloys containing Nb up to 40 wt% showed increased pitting corrosion resistance than the alloys with less percentage of Nb [83]. A crystalline cubic zirconia (ZrO 2 ) nanocoating on CpTi demonstrated good biocompatibility and corrosion resistance [84]. Similarly, coating with either HA or partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ) or a mixture of 50 percent HA and PSZ increased corrosion resistance of CpTi and Ti6Al4V alloys [85].…”

Sol–Gel Synthesis and Characterization of YSZ Nanofillers for Dental Cements at Different Temperatures

“…Although their primary application is in the fabrication of dense polycrystalline zirconia ceramics in the form of dental crowns, fixed partial dentures, implants, implant abutments, posts, orthodontic brackets, etc. [2,3], they have also been proposed as nano-filling materials [4,5] and nanocoatings [6,7], while due to their opaque white nature, they can also serve as radiopacity elements in cement [8] and root filling materials [9]. Zirconia filler nanoclusters with particle sizes ranging from 20 to 75 nm were used for strengthening commercial restorative dental composites such as Filtek Z250 and Harvard ZirkonCore [4].…”