Fabrication of a Multilayer X-Band Band-Pass Metasurface Using Liquid Metal

Machine learning (ML)-assisted surface tension and oscillation-induced elastic modulus studies of oxide-coated liquid metal (LM) alloys

“…The software, DropImage, calculated axisymmetric pendant droplets and provided the surface tension value with the associated shape parameters. The area and surface tension values over time are supposed to be fitted in equations (7) and (8) to get the A 0 , A a , γ 0 , γ a , and δ values to calculate the E ′ and E ′′ values. We developed our own Python script to process the data and used the default curve_fit optimization package from the Scipy library.…”

“…Numerous techniques are currently available in the literature to study the elastic modulus and surface tension of gallium alloys; however, the utility of pendant droplets (symmetric and asymmetric) for (a) machine-learning (ML) assisted surface tension and (b) oscillation-induced elastic modulus studies have remained unexplored. Gallium and its alloys at low melting points [1][2][3] have emerged as the most promising soft conductor for sensors, actuators, pumps, flexible electronics, and other microfluidics applications [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. High electrical conductivity, low toxicity, low vapor pressure, biocompatibility, and tunable surface tension (∼600 mN m −1 -100 mN m −1 ) are some of the notable properties at room temperature [11,12]of these alloys; however, the unique behavior of these alloys arise from their native 1-5 nm thick, and passivating Ga 2 O 3 layer [13].…”

A system for fluid pumping by liquid metal multi-droplets

“…However, traditional mechanical pumps are no longer suitable for the transport of a small amount of liquid. Consequently, various pump systems to achieve controlled and directed transport of a small amount of liquid have emerged, which are valuable for applications such as hot spot cooling, [1][2][3] microreactors/mixers, 4,5 chemical analysis, [6][7][8] organ-on-chip devices, [9][10][11] radio frequency devices, [12][13][14][15][16] and biomedical diagnostics and treatment. [17][18][19] Small-scale pump systems designed based on the electrocapillary effect are gaining significant attention due to their advantages of simple structure, low energy consumption, and ease of control.…”

“…However, traditional mechanical pumps are no longer suitable for the transport of a small amount of liquid. Consequently, various pump systems to achieve controlled and directed transport of a small amount of liquid have emerged, which are valuable for applications such as hot spot cooling, 1–3 microreactors/mixers, 4,5 chemical analysis, 6–8 organ-on-chip devices, 9–11 radio frequency devices, 12–16 and biomedical diagnostics and treatment. 17–19…”

Bandpass frequency selective surfaces with fast roll-off characteristics

“…The Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) is a spatial filter that selectively transmits or reflects electromagnetic waves with varying frequencies, incident angles, and polarization states [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. As the demand for global climate monitoring and exploration of the unknown universe grows, millimeter wave and submillimeter band detection technology advances significantly.…”