Fabrication of Adjustable Au/Carbon Hybrid Nanozymes with Photothermally Enhanced Peroxidase Activity and Ultra-sensitivity for Glutathione Detection

Abstract

Au nanozymes are extensively researched for their photothermal effect and catalytic performance, but overcoming the inherent defects of poor dispersibility and thermal stability through complementary materials will expand their prospects for biological applications. Herein, several novel CAu nanozymes were fabricated by in situ reduction of chloroauric acid on hollow carbon nanospheres (HCNs). Through regulating the number of reductions, sesame ball-shaped CAu (sCAu) with highly dispersed Au nanoparticles and diversity-shaped CAu (dCAu) were obtained. The number and morphology of loaded Au nanoparticles, absorption spectra, and hydrophilicity of CAu nanozymes were systematically characterized to demonstrate the flexibility of this novel method. The high-efficiency peroxidase-like sCAu0.3 nanozyme with hyperthermia-activated property was then screened for later bio-application. It is worth mentioning that its photothermalpromoted peroxidase-like activity could be achieved under near-infrared laser irradiation. Moreover, sCAu0.3 could specifically achieve glutathione detection in human blood samples. This method will provide a protocol for the regulation of CAu nanozymes to adapt to bio-detection applications.

Gold–Silver Hybrid Nanostructures for Efficient Near-Infrared Photothermal Conversion: Core–Shell Configuration of Multipod and Hollow Cage

“…When compared to recent studies, these values are quite competitive among state-of-the-art noble metal photothermal materials (Table S5). − Additionally, there was no significant change in the Δ T value of AuAg HNS after five cycles of laser irradiation testing, indicating excellent photothermal stability (Figure d).…”

A copper metal–organic framework-based electrochemical sensor for identification of glutathione in pharmaceutical samples

“…The approaches provide a built-in capacity for selectivity towards GSH and effectively address the limitations associated with spectral and separation techniques due to their cost-effectiveness, adaptability for miniaturization, and user-friendly operation. 40–46 Cyclic voltammetry (CV) has been widely employed as a primary approach for investigating the electrochemical behaviour of GSH in various research studies. CV offers advantageous conditions for determining the ideal operational conditions for electrochemically active GSH, including the scan rate, potential range, and electrolyte's pH.…”

Nanozyme Sensor Based on Au Nanoparticles/N-Doped Porous Carbon Composites for Biosensing

“…Different kinds of nanomaterials, including noble metals, carbon materials, metal oxides, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), and their hybrid complexes, , have been designed with intrinsic peroxidase (POD)-like properties. Among them, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with adjustable catalytic capability are one of the most extensively studied nanozymes, which show comparable POD-like activity in comparison with horseradish peroxidase (HRP). , However, the instability and poor dispersibility of AuNPs could result in compromised catalytic properties. Plenty of research has focused on the preparation of hybrid nanozymes to expand the application of noble nanoparticles. − For example, Liu et al used 2D metalloporphyrinic MOFs nanosheets to anchor AuNPs to construct POD-mimicking nanozymes for colorimetric determination .…”