Fabrication of aerosol-based nanoparticles and their applications in biomedical fields

Abstract

Background Traditionally, nanoparticles for biomedical applications have been produced via the classical wet chemistry method, with size control remaining a major problem in drug delivery. In recent years, advances in aerosol-based technologies have led to the development of methods that enable the production of nanosized particles and have opened up new opportunities in the field of nano-drug delivery and biomedicine. Aerosol-based technologies have been constantly used to synthesize multifunctional nanoparticles with different properties, which extends their possible biological and medicinal applications. Moreover, aerosol technologies are often more beneficial than other existing approaches because of the major disadvantages of these other techniques. Area covered This review provides a brief discussion of the existing aerosol-based nanotechnologies and applications of nanoparticles in a variety of diseases. Various types of nanoparticles, such as graphene oxide, Prussian blue, black phosphorous, gold, copper, silver, tellurium, iron oxide, titania, magnesium oxide, and zinc oxide nanoparticles, prepared using aerosol technologies are discussed in this review. The different tactics used for surface modifications are also outlined. The biomedical applications of nanoparticles in chemotherapy, bacterial/fungal/viral treatment, disease diagnosis, and biological assays are also presented in this review. Expert opinion Aerosol-based technologies can be used to design nanoparticles with the desired functionality. This significantly benefits the nanomedicine field, particularly as product parameters are becoming more encompassing and exacting. One of the biggest issues with conventional methods is their scale-up/scale-down and clinical translation. Aerosol-based nanoparticle synthesis helps enhance control over the product properties and facilitate their use for clinical applications.

Design of Aerosol Nanoparticles for Interfacial Catalysis

“…For instance, in the stage of spray drying, droplets of different sizes can be generated, which determines the peak size and size distribution of the synthesized functional nanoparticles. The droplet size depends primarily on the choice of spray device and its operating conditions. , As compared to a traditional nebulizer, an electrospray device generally produces finer droplets with a narrower size distribution. , Different operating conditions of the spray device, such as the type of carrier gas, flow rates of the liquid precursor and carrier gas, and preheating temperature, also affect the droplet size and the size of the dried precursor particle. Furthermore, in the calcination stage, the crystalline state and the crystallite size are tunable by choosing different operating temperatures and residence times.…”

Aerosolised micro and nanoparticle: formulation and delivery method for lung imaging

“…This method generates nanoparticles as an aerosol via spark discharge from two heated conducting electrodes with gas flow, as illustrated in Fig. 3 [81]. Similar to graphite ablation, this method spontaneously produces nanoparticles directly from large and solid material, resulting in spherical particle with a size of < 10 nm that tends to agglomerate into a larger particle (~ 20 nm) [80].…”

Preparation and Characterization of Fenofibrate Microparticles with Surface-Active Additives: Application of a Supercritical Fluid-Assisted Spray-Drying Process

“…Drugs that exhibit poor aqueous solubility do not dissolve rapidly and, thus, may not be adequately absorbed through the oral route of administration. Therefore, major efforts have been made in the pharmaceutical industry to improve the bioavailability and/or the onset of action of these drugs by focusing on increasing the dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs via the reduction of particle size (i.e., micronization) through the use of hydrophilic surface-active materials [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. In response to these needs, microparticle preparation technologies using supercritical fluids (SCF), particularly carbon dioxide, have been applied to improve the physicochemical properties of drug particles via fine control of particle precipitation.…”