Fabrication of Biodegradable Mg Alloy Bone Scaffold Through Electrical Discharge µ-Drilling Route

Ahuja, Neeraj; Kumar, Kaushal; Batra, Uma; Garg, Sudhir Kumar

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-16943-5_13

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These techniques prevent the use of thermo-mechanical processing to improve the properties of the material. Other fabrication techniques that can be used to produce scaffolds from wrought magnesium include electrical discharge drilling [14], laser drilling [15], and conventional drilling [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Behavior and In Vitro Corrosion of Cubic Scaffolds of Pure Magnesium Processed by Severe Plastic Deformation

Silva

Câmara

Hohenwarter

et al. 2021

Metals

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Reports in the literature show that severe plastic deformation can improve mechanical strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance of pure magnesium, which suggests good performance for biodegradable applications. However, the reported results were based on testing of small samples on limited directions. The present study reports compression testing of larger samples, at different directions, in pure magnesium processed by hot rolling, equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), and high pressure torsion (HPT). The results show that severe plastic deformation through ECAP and HPT reduces anisotropy and increases strength and strain rate sensitivity. Also, scaffolds were fabricated from the material with different processing histories and immersed in Hank’s solution for up to 14 days. The as-cast material displays higher corrosion rate and localized corrosion and it is reported that severe plastic deformation induces uniform corrosion and reduces the corrosion rate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Behavior and In Vitro Corrosion of Cubic Scaffolds of Pure Magnesium Processed by Severe Plastic Deformation

Silva

Câmara

Hohenwarter

et al. 2021

Metals

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“…EDD, also called electrical discharge machining (EDM) drilling, is a specialized thermal ablation process for producing deep holes in metallic materials (Jahan et al, 2010;Klocke et al, 2011) that can be effectively utilized for producing perforated Mg alloy structures. Ahuja et al (2019) demonstrated the capability of EDD process in fabricating Mg alloy bone scaffolds using tubular micro electrode of diameter 300 mm. Several studies have been conducted on EDM drilling to predict the drilling rate, electrode wear behavior, geometrical accuracy and so on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Magnesium and its alloys have attracted significant attention as an alternative to the permanent implant as they are biocompatible, bioresorbable, having low modulus of elasticity, and it is highly osteoblast active in biological environment (Ahuja et al, 2019;. Porous or perforated implants (scaffold, perforated bone plate) provide better biological atmospheres for the growth of cells and tissue regeneration (Ratner et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Porous or perforated implants (scaffold, perforated bone plate) provide better biological atmospheres for the growth of cells and tissue regeneration (Ratner et al, 2014). Porous structures or metallic foams can be produced using frothing of melts with blowing operators, frothing melts by gas infusion, powder metallurgy utilizing a blowing agent, directional solidification and vacuum frothing (Ahuja et al, 2019;Wen et al, 2004;K€ orner et al, 2004;Lefebvre et al, 2008;Korner et al, 2000). Mg alloys are highly flammable in liquid state; thus, it is hard to precisely control the pore morphologies of Mg-alloy-based foams fabricated through high heating processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multicharacteristics optimization of electrical discharge micro hole drilling in Mg alloy using hybrid approach of GRA–regression–PSO

Ahuja

Batra

Kumar

2020

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PurposeMagnesium alloys are becoming prominent as an alternative to the permanent biomedical implants. In present work, electric discharge drilling (EDD) process has been investigated and optimized for ZM21 Mg alloy that can be used for producing perforated bone implants having geometrically precise micro holes.Design/methodology/approachPlanning of experiments has been carried out in accordance to the Taguchi mixed L18 orthogonal array (OA). The hole overcut (HO), circularity at entrance (Cent) and circularity at exit (Cext) of drilled micro holes were measured as response characteristics during experimentation corresponding to different settings of EDD input parameters. For optimizing multiresponse characteristics, the hybrid approach of grey relational analysis, regression analysis and particle swarm optimization has been implemented.FindingsIt is found from hybrid approach that brass electrode along with Ip; 3 Amp, Ton; 50 µs and Toff; 52 µs outperformed over all other parametric settings against the collective result of response characteristics. The experimental values of response characteristics at suggested optimized setting are HO: 93.48 µm; Cent: 0.988 and Cext: 0.992, respectively.Originality/valueThe optimization of EDD process for developing perforated Mg alloy bone implants, using hybrid approach is still missing.

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“…Furthermore, hydrophilic surface is used to improve the numerous medical characteristics into the recast zone. From the literature survey it has been deduced that, HAM-EDM/PM-EDM procedure was broadly used to coat/deposit biomimetic layers and biocompatible layers, which averts the corrosion onto implant surface and intensifies osseointegration (Liang et al, 2018;Jahan et al, 2018;Ahuja et al, 2019). This process can be effectively utilized to modify surface of accessories used to fix bone.…”

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confidence: 99%

Parametric optimization of EDD using RSM-Grey-TLBO-based MCDM approach for commercially pure titanium

Sharma

Ahuja

Goyal

et al. 2020

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PurposeElectric discharge drilling (EDD) is used to drill quality microholes on any conductive materials. EDD process parameters play a crucial role in the drilling. Depending upon the material characteristics, the cost of drilling also changes. Therefore, a suitable method is required to control the process parameters and drill quality microholes.Design/methodology/approachThe input process parameters in the present work are peak current (Ip), pulse on-time (Ton) and pulse off-time (Toff). The trials were intended in accordance to central composite face-centered design of response surface methodology (RSM). The output responses, namely drilling rate (DR) and electrode wear ratio (EWR), were converted into a single response, that is, grade using Grey relational analysis (GRA). The grade value is further modeled by regression analysis. The empirical model was figured out using teaching–learning-based optimization (TLBO). The RSM-Grey-TLBO-based multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) is used to investigate the optimized process parameter setting.FindingsThe RSM-Grey-TLBO-based MCDM approach suggests that the optimized setting for DR and EWR is Ip: 3A; Ton: 40 µs; Toff: 42 µs. The percentage errors for the predicted and experimental results are 8.1 and 7.5% in DR and EWR, respectively.Originality/valueThe parametric optimization of EDD using RSM-Grey-TLBO-based MCDM approach while machining commercially pure titanium is still underway. Thus, this MCDM approach will give a path to the researchers working in this direction.

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Fabrication of Biodegradable Mg Alloy Bone Scaffold Through Electrical Discharge µ-Drilling Route

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Mechanical Behavior and In Vitro Corrosion of Cubic Scaffolds of Pure Magnesium Processed by Severe Plastic Deformation

Mechanical Behavior and In Vitro Corrosion of Cubic Scaffolds of Pure Magnesium Processed by Severe Plastic Deformation

Multicharacteristics optimization of electrical discharge micro hole drilling in Mg alloy using hybrid approach of GRA–regression–PSO

Parametric optimization of EDD using RSM-Grey-TLBO-based MCDM approach for commercially pure titanium

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