Fabrication of Biohybrid Cellulose Acetate-Collagen Bilayer Matrices as Nanofibrous Spongy Dressing Material for Wound-Healing Application

Abstract

Tissue engineering is currently one the fastest growing engineering fields, requiring fabrication of advanced and multifunctional materials to be used as scaffolds or dressing for tissue regeneration. In this work, a bilayer matrix was fabricated by electrospinning of a hybrid cellulose acetate nanofibers (CA) containing bioactive latex or Ciprofloxacin over highly interconnected collagen (CSPG) 3D matrix previously obtained by a freeze-drying process. The bilayer matrix was fabricated with a nanofibrous part as the primary (top) layer and a spongy porous part as the secondary (bottom) layer by combining electrospinning and freeze-drying techniques to enhance the synergistic effect of both materials corresponding to physical and biological properties. The final material was physicochemically characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The bilayer matrix exhibited nanofibrous and 3D porous structure with properties such as high porosity, swelling, and stability required for soft-tissue-engineering applications. Furthermore, the in vitro biological and fluorescence properties of the matrix were tested against NIH 3T3 fibroblast and human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell lines and showed good cell adhesion and proliferation over the bilayer matrix. Thus, the synergistic combination of nanofibrous material deposition onto to the collagenous porous material has proved efficient in the fabrication of a bilayer matrix for skin-tissue-engineering applications.

Advanced mycelium materials as potential self-growing biomedical scaffolds

“…Being able to greatly affect cell migration, oxygen regulation and nutrient exchange, porosity is a key parameter that should be considered during a scaffold design 61 . Usually, in tissue engineering applications, average pore size is measured by the post-processing of SEM micrographs, while total porosity can be calculated separately by liquid displacement method, typically employing ethanol 47 , 62 , 63 . In this work, both total porosity and size pore distribution were inferred from mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP, see Experimental Methods section) analysis, to ensure that the whole range of sizes presented by these natural, highly-variable materials, could be included (Fig.…”

Curcumin nanoparticles incorporated in PVA/collagen composite films promote wound healing

“…Huan’s previous study demonstrates the potential of collagen as cell-culture substrates and cell-delivery vehicles (Chattopadhyay & Raines, 2014 ). Thus, in this study, we incorporated collagen type I into CPCF because it is an important component of the skin, more biocompatible compared to other natural polymers, and exhibits low antigenicity (Ramanathan et al., 2020 ). Results from the MTT assay revealed that CPCF had lower cytotoxicity than that of free curcumin and Cur/PCEC nanoparticles, which are consistent with those from other studies (Hu et al., 2017 ; Yang et al., 2019 ).…”

Recent progress in cellulose-based electrospun nanofibers as multifunctional materials

“…For example, the requirements for wound healing materials such as biocompatibility, oxygen permeability, water absorption, and non-toxicity can be fulfilled by electrospun cellulose-based fabrics. Electrospun CA/collagen nanofibers were incorporated with latex (L) from C. Procera (medicinal plant) for wound-healing, and it was found that CA played an important role in restricting the swelling behaviour and strengthening the fabrics 54 . Similar electrospun CA nanofibers loaded with gelatin and Zataria multiflora (antibacterial plant) could absorb accumulated wound exudates and exhibited good wound healing capacity and antibacterial property 55 .…”