Fabrication of (C₄H₉)₄NPZnW₁₁‐TiO₂/PANI as an Efficient Nanocatalyst for Dye Degradation

Abstract

In this study, (C 4 H 9) 4 NPZnW 11-TiO 2 /PANI was synthesized as an efficient catalyst for dye decolorization of C 16 H 18 ClN 3 S (MB) from aqueous solution. The catalyst was successfully prepared using the reaction of quaternary ammonium salt of zinc (II)substituted Keggin-type polyoxometalate [(C 4 H 9) 4 N]PZnW 11 O 39 , titanium dioxide (TiO 2), and polyaniline (PANI) at room temperature under sonication conditions. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to obtain maximum dye degradation and to determine the significance of the variables on the decolorization system under static conditions. The main parameters affecting decolorization efficiency on dye degradation, including process temperature (25-35°C), catalyst dosage (0.001-0.006 gr), and reaction time (5-15 minutes), were investigated in detail. The optimum decolorization conditions were identified to be a temperature of 30°C, catalyst dosage of 0.006 gr, and 14 minutes process time, giving an experimental dye removal value of 89.1%. The high regression coefficient between the variables and the response (R 2 = 0.9642) displayed a good evaluation of the experimental results by polynomial regression model.