Carbon aerogels are a fascinating three-dimensional (3D) monolithic porous material with remarkable physicochemical properties, including low density, large surface area, abundant pore structure, high electrical conductivity, chemical stability, environmental compatibility, adjustable surface chemistry, as well as controllable structural features. These properties endow carbon aerogels with excellent adsorption and catalytic performance. Therefore, they are widely applied in environmental chemistry for removing pollutants like oils, toxic organic solvents, dyes, heavy metal ions in aquatic environments, and vol- [a] Minireview Carbon aerogels show wonderful adsorption and catalytic performance because of the microscopic properties of carbon nanomaterials and the macroscopic structure of the gel. In addi-Guoqiang Gan received his master′s degree in 2016, and since then, he has studied environmental engineering at Dalian University of