Fabrication of Cu-Sn/SiC Metal Matrix Composites and Investigation of its Mechanical and Dry Sliding Wear Properties

Wear Behavior of AZ61 Matrix Hybrid Composite Fabricated via Friction Stir Consolidation: A Combined RSM Box–Behnken and Genetic Algorithm Optimization

“…RSM optimization fine-tunes parameters to minimize the abrasive interactions within the design combinations, resulting in a rougher surface with a wear rate of 0.008 mg/m compared to the GA-optimized sample. From the SEM images in Figure 9a The SEM in Figure 9a depicts the minimum delamination and ploughing, which shows that the material had resistance to wear, as investigated in the study by Ram K. et al [40], demonstrating the occurrence of an anti-friction layer at the interface, thereby lowering the material's wear rate. Generally, the loss of material caused by the movement of tough particles across a surface is known as abrasive wear [41].…”

“…This depicted the evidence of shallow ploughs that occurred due to the minimum levels of sliding distance and sliding speed. The SEM in Figure 9a depicts the minimum delamination and ploughing, which shows that the material had resistance to wear, as investigated in the study by Ram K. et al [40], demonstrating the occurrence of an anti-friction layer at the interface, thereby lowering the material's wear rate. Generally, the loss of material caused by the movement of tough particles across a surface is known as abrasive wear [41].…”

“…The extent of wear in a composite material is determined by the size and shape of the debris [39]. Additionally, a study by Ram K. et al [40] found that, as the rubbing time increases, the ploughing effect occurs. This depicted the evidence of shallow ploughs that occurred due to the minimum levels of sliding distance and sliding speed.…”

Investigation of Tribological and Mechanical Performances of Ti‐based Self‐Lubricating Composites Containing SnAgCu and Al2O3

“…To achieve the excellent lubrication, Ag, [ 4 ] CuAg, [ 5 ] CuSn, [ 6 ] and SnAgCu [ 7–9 ] have been proposed for preparing self‐lubricating composites. Xu et al [ 4 ] studied the migration of silver from a TiAl‐based material, and discovered that silver enrichment resulted in the formation of a tribofilm, which facilitated the favorable lubrication.…”

“…But, the application of high loads on the silver‐enriched film resulted in considerable peeling and surface cracks due to the weak bearing capacity of the film. Hu et al [ 5 ] and Kumar et al [ 6 ] investigated the tribological behaviors of composites containing CuAg and CuSn, respectively. Enrichment of CuAg and CuSn induced the formation of the frictional interfaces and afforded favorable lubrication, resulting in excellent behaviors under friction and wear.…”