Fabrication of functional hollow microspheres constructed from MOF shells: Promising drug delivery systems with high loading capacity and targeted transport

Abstract

An advanced multifunctional, hollow metal-organic framework (MOF) drug delivery system with a high drug loading level and targeted delivery was designed and fabricated for the first time and applied to inhibit tumour cell growth. This hollow MOF targeting drug delivery system was prepared via a simple post-synthetic surface modification procedure, starting from hollow ZIF-8 successfully obtained for the first time via a mild phase transformation under solvothermal conditions. As a result, the hollow ZIF-8 exhibits a higher loading capacity for the model anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Subsequently, 5-FU-loaded ZIF-8 was encapsulated into polymer layers (FA-CHI-5-FAM) with three components: a chitosan (CHI) backbone, the imaging agent 5-carboxyfluorescein (5-FAM), and the targeting reagent folic acid (FA). Thus, an advanced drug delivery system, ZIF-8/5-FU@FA-CHI-5-FAM, was fabricated. A cell imaging assay demonstrated that ZIF-8/5-FU@FA-CHI-5-FAM could target and be taken up by MGC-803 cells. Furthermore, the as-prepared ZIF-8/5-FU@FA-CHI-5-FAM exhibited stronger cell growth inhibitory effects on MGC-803 cells because of the release of 5-FU, as confirmed by a cell viability assay. In addition, a drug release experiment in vitro indicated that ZIF-8/5-FU@FA-CHI-5-FAM exhibited high loading capacity (51%) and a sustained drug release behaviour. Therefore, ZIF-8/5-FU@FA-CHI-5-FAM could provide targeted drug transportation, imaging tracking and localized sustained release.

Size‐Control and Surface Modification of Flexible Metal‐Organic Framework MIL‐53(Fe) by Polyethyleneglycol for 5‐ Fluorouracil Anticancer Drug Delivery

“…The 5‐FU loading capacity was calculated to be 524.326 mg/g MIL‐53(Fe)‐PEG, which is 52.4% wt 5‐FU loading capacity. This 5‐FU loading capacity is higher than a zinc metalorganic framework reported previously …”

Recent advances in metallopolymer-based drug delivery systems

“…181 Hollow MOFs microspheres with MOFs shells with inherent pores as windows and deep submicron-scale cavities were made in combination with FA on the surface of the microsphere as the targeting agent, which is a promising DDS for the cancer treatment. 182 In addition, MOFs-based nanocomposites with gold nanoclusters were used to real-time monitor drug release through its external porosity and pH-dependent luminescence. Composites demonstrated good biocompatibility and high luminescence for potential use in the cancer treatment.…”

Carbon materials derived from chitosan/cellulose cryogel-supported zeolite imidazole frameworks for potential supercapacitor application

“…For CCL and CCS, the bands at 1372 and 1320 cm −1 suggested the existence of hydroxyl groups in cellulose and chitosan (Qiu et al, 2010). The peak at 1621 cm −1 increased after NC coated with CCL or CCS, attributing to the C C vibration between ZIF-7 and CL/CS (Gao, Hai, Baigude, Guan, & Liu, 2016). In addition, an obvious peak at 1160 cm −1 of NC@CCS should be attributed to the presence of C N stretching vibrations (Fazlifard, Mohammadi, & Bakhtiari, 2017) originating in amino group of chitosan.…”