Fabrication of Gold Nanowires by Electric‐Field‐Induced Scanning Probe Lithography and In Situ Chemical Development

Lee, Woo‐Kyung; Chen, Sihai; Chilkoti, Ashutosh; Zauscher, Stefan

doi:10.1002/smll.200600396

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The seeded growth approach uses the metal pattern as a seed site for the reduction of a metal precursor in a post-treatment growth step. [112][113][114][115] The idea is interesting as a augmentation to other printing methods (e.g. to improve pattern continuity), 114 but is not a printing methodology in itself.…”

Section: Bioelectronic Materials Deposited By Afm Nanoprintingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[112][113][114][115] The idea is interesting as a augmentation to other printing methods (e.g. to improve pattern continuity), 114 but is not a printing methodology in itself. Nanopatterning a thiol resist against the wet-etch of a metal coating is the most popular method in the literature for generating conductive metal patterns by DPN.…”

Section: Bioelectronic Materials Deposited By Afm Nanoprintingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nano-bioelectronics via dip-pen nanolithography

et al. 2015

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The emerging field of nano-biology is borne from advances in our ability to control the structure of materials on finer and finer length-scales, coupled with an increased appreciation of the sensitivity of living cells to nanoscale topographical, chemical and mechanical cues. As we envisage and prototype nanostructured bioelectronic devices there is a crucial need to understand how cells feel and respond to nanoscale materials, particularly as material properties (surface energy, conductivity etc.) can be very different at the nanoscale than at the bulk. However, the patterning of organic bioelectronic materials is often not achievable using conventional fabrication techniques, especially on soft, biocompatible substrates. Nonconventional nanofabrication strategies are required. Dip-pen nanolithography is a nanofabrication technique which uses the nanoscale tip of an atomic force microscope to direct-write functional inks. Over the past decade, the technique has evolved as uniquely capable in the realm of bio-nanofabrication, with the capability to deposit both biomolecules and electrode materials. This review highlights this new tool for fabricating nanoscale bioelectronic devices, and for enabling heretofore unrealised experiments in the response of living cells to tailored nano-environments. We firstly introduce bioelectronics, followed by a survey of different lithography methods and their use to achieve paradigmic bioelectronic architectures. We then focus on dip-pen nanolithography, highlighting the range of bioelectronic materials and biomolecules which can be deposited using the technique, as well as its demonstrated use as a lithography tool in nano-biology. We discuss the progress made towards upscaling the DPN technology towards larger areas, in particular via the polymer pen approach. The emerging field of nano-biology is borne from advances in our ability to control the structure of materials on finer and finer length-scales, coupled with an increased appreciation of the sensitivity of living cells to nanoscale topographical, chemical and mechanical cues. As we envisage and prototype nanostructured bioelectronic devices there is a crucial need to understand how cells feel and respond to nanoscale materials, particularly as material properties (surface energy, conductivity etc.) can be very different at the nanoscale than at the bulk. However, the patterning of organic bioelectronic materials is often not achievable using conventional fabrication techniques, especially on soft, biocompatible substrates. Nonconventional nanofabrication strategies are required. Dip-pen nanolithography is a nanofabrication technique which uses the nanoscale tip of an atomic force microscope to direct-write functional inks. Over the past decade, the technique has evolved as uniquely capable in the realm of bio-nanofabrication, with the capability to deposit both biomolecules and electrode materials. This review highlights this new tool for fabricating nanoscale bioelectronic devices, and for enabling heretofore u...

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Section: Bioelectronic Materials Deposited By Afm Nanoprintingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bioelectronic Materials Deposited By Afm Nanoprintingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-bioelectronics via dip-pen nanolithography

et al. 2015

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“…In this way, they elaborated patterns by indenting the sample. Lee et al 18 used an illuminated, gold coated tip to expose a photoresist and subsequently to generate gold patterns of less than 120 nm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silver patterning using an atomic force microscope tip and laser-induced chemical deposition from liquids

Jarro

Donev

Mengüç

et al. 2012

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology B, Nanotechnology and Microelectronics: Materials, Processing, Measurement, and Phen

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Due to copyright restrictions, the access to the full text of this article is only available via subscription.This article presents a new direct patterning technique in which laser photoreduction of silver from a liquid is controlled by a scanning atomic force microscope tip. Contrary to expectations, the tip suppresses, rather than enhances, deposition on the underlying substrate, and this suppression persists in the absence of the tip. Experiments presented here exclude three potential mechanisms: purely mechanical material removal, depletion of the silver precursor, and preferential photoreduction on existing deposits. These results represent a first step toward direct, negative tone, tip-based patterning of functional materials.NS

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“…Moreover, it is possible to place the fabricated objects on any surface that can be wet by water [6]. The ease of use (no lithography) and length of the nanowires make nanoskiving favorable compared chemical synthesis, [26] synthesis in templates, [27] and lithographic techniques [28]. Figure 1 summarizes the procedure we used to make nanowires for use as strain sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Nanowire strain sensors fabricated by nanoskiving

Jibril

Ramírez

Zaretski

et al. 2017

Sensors and Actuators A: Physical

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This article describes the fabrication of single-nanowire strain sensors by thin sectioning of gold films with an ultramicrotome—i.e., “nanoskiving.” The nanowire sensors are transferred to various substrates from the water bath on which they float after sectioning. The electrical response of these single nanowires to mechanical strain is investigated, with the lowest detectable strain determined to be 1.6 × 10−5 with a repeatable response to strains as high as 7 × 10−4. The sensors are shown to have an enhanced sensitivity with a gauge factor of 3.1 on average, but as high as 9.5 in the low strain regime (ε ~ 1 × 10−5). Conventional thin films of gold of the same height as the nanowires are used as controls, and are unable to detect those same strains. The practicality of this sensor is investigated by transferring a single nanowire to polyimide tape, and placing the sensor on the wrist to monitor the pulse pressure waveform from the radial artery. The nanowires are fabricated with simple tools and require no lithography. Moreover, the sensors can be “manufactured” efficiently, as each consecutive section of the film is a quasi copy of the previous nanowire. The simple fabrication of these nanowires, along with the compatibility with flexible substrates, offers possibilities in developing new kinds of devices for biomedical applications and structural health monitoring.

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Fabrication of Gold Nanowires by Electric‐Field‐Induced Scanning Probe Lithography and In Situ Chemical Development

Cited by 21 publications

References 32 publications

Nano-bioelectronics via dip-pen nanolithography

Nano-bioelectronics via dip-pen nanolithography

Silver patterning using an atomic force microscope tip and laser-induced chemical deposition from liquids

Single-Nanowire strain sensors fabricated by nanoskiving

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