Fabrication of MEA based on optimum amount of Co in Pd Co/C alloy nanoparticles as a new cathode for oxygen reduction reaction in passive direct methanol fuel cells

Carbon-supported bimetallic Pd–Ir catalysts for alkaline sulfide oxidation in direct alkaline sulfide fuel cell

“…1. Four major peaks for all the samples, which appeared at about 40°, 46°, 68°, and 81°, corresponded to the (1 1 1), (2 0 0), (2 2 0), and (3 1 1) facets of face-centeredcubic (fcc) crystalline Pd, respectively [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. For all the bimetal (Pd-Ir) samples, these peaks were moved to slightly higher 2h values compared to those in Pd/C.…”

“…Pd metal is highly active toward sulfide oxidation [12], and, albeit a noble metal, is relatively abundant and thus cheaper than Pt [13][14][15][16][17]. This comparatively inexpensive and active catalyst can be modified by means of mixing with other metals to form bimetallic catalysts; in so doing its activity can be improved to a substantial degree with substantially reduced cost [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

“…This comparatively inexpensive and active catalyst can be modified by means of mixing with other metals to form bimetallic catalysts; in so doing its activity can be improved to a substantial degree with substantially reduced cost [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. In this study, we employed the so-called bifunctional mechanism to design and fabricate desired catalysts with an optimal balance between the adsorption sites for sulfide and hydroxyl species (OH ads ), which are oxidants in alkaline sulfide oxidation (Eq.…”

Experimental studying of the effect of active area on the performance of passive direct methanol fuel cell

“…N. Paust et al [11] fabricated a portable passive DMFC with a 2.6-cm 2 active area that continuously run for 40 h in all orientations. H. Gharibi et al [12] prepared carbon-supported Pd and Pd x Co alloy electro-catalysts with different Pd x Co atomic ratios by a fertilization synthesis method at room temperature by ethylene glycol reduction. The reported active area for the experiments was 4.75 cm 2 .…”

“…There are different types of fuel cell such as solid oxide (SOFC), direct liquid (DLFC), proton exchange membrane (PEMFC), molten carbonate (MCFC), and alkaline fuel cell (AFC) which is fueled with different fuels such as methanol, ethanol, and acids. Among all of these famous and recognized fuel cells, the direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) have received much attention because of their high theoretical energy density, low weight, compactness, easy recharging, simplicity, rapid start-up, using liquid fuel (methanol), being low pollution and green, and working under ambient conditions [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. DMFC is an electrical power generator that uses methanol as a hydrogen source and convert the electrochemical energy into electrical energy directly by using aqueous or vaporized methanol as a fuel at the anode and air or pure oxygen as the oxidant at the cathode .…”