Fabrication of Metasurfaces on Building Construction Materials for Potential Electromagnetic Applications in the Microwave Band

Abstract

Energy self-sufficiency, as well as optimal management of power in buildings is gaining importance, while obtaining power from traditional fossil energy sources is becoming more and more expensive. In this context, millimeter-scale metasurfaces can be employed to harvest energy from microwave sources. They can also be used as sensors in the microwave regime for efficient power management solutions. In the current study, a simple spray printing method is proposed to develop metasurfaces in construction materials, i.e., plasterboard and wood. Such materials are used in the interior design of buildings; therefore, the implementation of metasurfaces in large areas, such as walls, doors and floors, is realized. The fabricated metasurfaces were characterized regarding their electromagnetic performance. It is hereby shown that the investigated metasurfaces exhibit an efficient electromagnetic response in the frequency range (4–7 GHz), depending on the MS. Thus, spray-printed metasurfaces integrated on construction materials can potentially be used for electromagnetic applications, for buildings’ power self-efficiency and management.

Engraved Split-Ring Resonators as Potential Microwave Sensors for Olive Oil Quality Control

“…Particularly, metasurfaces were measured using a combination of a P9372A Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) (Keysight, California, USA; frequency range: 300 kHz–9 GHz) and waveguides WR284 (2.4–4.8 GHz), WR187 (3.5–7 GHz), and WR137 (5–10 GHz) (Figure c), so that a frequency range of 2–9 GHz was covered. Details regarding the setup and the measurement procedure were previously described. ,, Two different configurations were investigated, i.e., the CSRR is oriented so that the electric field component is parallel (TE orientation, drawing in Figure a) and perpendicular to the gap (TM orientation, drawing in Figure c).…”

“…Details regarding the setup and the measurement procedure were previously described. 55,56,60 Two different configurations were investigated, i.e., the CSRR is oriented so that the electric field component is parallel (TE orientation, drawing in Figure 2a) and perpendicular to the gap (TM orientation, drawing in Figure 2c).…”

Metamaterials’ Application in Sustainable Technologies and an Introduction to Their Influence on Energy Harvesting Devices

“…Z. Viskadourakis et al [38] proposed a method to develop metasurfaces in construction materials (plasterboard and wood). He showed that application of electromagnetic sprayprinted MS, integrated on construction materials with larger areas (such as walls or doors) can potentially be used for EM applications, for buildings, for power self-efficiency, and for management.…”

Rapid Prototyping of Anomalous Reflective Metasurfaces Using Spray-Coated Liquid Metal

“…Although spray deposition using conductive paint has been previously demonstrated for transmissive metasurfaces [33], this paper reports the first rapidly prototyped aerosol spray deposited liquid-metal anomalous reflective metasurface. Using a pressurized air gun and a plastic thin-film mask, liquid metal is patterned on a substrate, with an The liquid metal used here is Galinstan (Rotometals Incorporated, San Leandro, CA, USA), a near eutectic gallium-based alloy consisting of Ga 68.5 wt%, In 21.5 wt%, Sn 10 wt%.…”