Fabrication of microporous organic network@silica composite for high‐performance liquid chromatographic separation of drugs and proteins

Abstract

Microporous organic networks (MONs) that exhibit good stability and hydrophobicity are promising candidates for performing HPLC separation of small organic compounds. However, their applications in separating large analytes as well as biomolecules are still limited by the microporous nature of MONs. Herein, we demonstrated the fabrication of a MON-functionalized silica (MON@SiO 2 ), exhibiting micro and mesopores for the HPLC separations of small drugs as well as large analytes, such as flavones, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), and proteins. MON was successfully modified on SiO 2 microspheres to yield the uniform and mono-dispersed MON@SiO 2 . The separation mechanisms and performance of the MON@SiO 2 packed column were evaluated for a wide range of analytes, including neutral, acidic, basic compounds, drugs, and proteins. Compared with commercial C18 and SiO 2 -NH 2 packed columns, the proposed MON@SiO 2 column afforded superior performance in the separations of flavones, NSAIDs, EDCs, and proteins. Moreover, the MON@SiO 2 column also offered good repeatability with intraday RSDs (n = 7) of <0.1%, <2.0%, <2.3%, and <0.7% for the retention time, peak height, peak area, and half peak width, respectively, for separating EDCs. This work proved the potential of using MONs in the HPLC separations of drugs and proteins.

Ultrafast ultrasound-assisted synthesis of microporous organic networks for the efficient removal of antibiotics

“…3a). 16 In addition, the solid 13 C NMR spectrum of the US-MON was similar to those of MONs obtained via room-temperature stirring and solvothermal synthesis, demonstrating the feasibility of the ultrasound-assisted method to synthesize MONs. 17–20…”

“…1–3 Owing to their unique properties, such as large specific surface areas, tunable pore sizes, versatile morphologies, easy modification, and convenient engineering on other matrices, MONs have been applied in batteries, 4,5 pollutant adsorption, 6–8 catalysis, 9,10 drug delivery, 11,12 sensors, 13–15 and separation. 16–18 For example, Son's group reported the fabrication of Fe 3 O 4 @MON composites for lithium ion anodes, 4 the UiO-66@MON for toluene removal, 7 the MON for primary amine catalysis, 9 the H-MON-FA for drug delivery, 11 and the M-MON for gas adsorption. 8 Our group employed MONs as advanced stationary phases for gas and liquid chromatographic separation of alkanes, position isomers, and chiral racemates, 16–18 emphasizing the potential prospects of MONs in separation science.…”

“…[16][17][18] For example, Son's group reported the fabrication of Fe 3 O 4 @MON composites for lithium ion anodes, 4 the UiO-66@MON for toluene removal, 7 the MON for primary amine catalysis, 9 the H-MON-FA for drug delivery, 11 and the M-MON for gas adsorption. 8 Our group employed MONs as advanced stationary phases for gas and liquid chromatographic separation of alkanes, position isomers, and chiral racemates, [16][17][18] emphasizing the potential prospects of MONs in separation science.…”

“…However, high temperature (80-150 1C), long reaction time (12-72 h) and inert-gas (N 2 or Ar) protection are generally required for the synthesis. [16][17][18] To overcome these limitations, our group developed a facile and energy-saving room-temperature synthesis method to prepare MON and MON-2OH for the elimination of contaminants. The reaction time was sharply reduced from 24-48 h to 4 h without any inert-gas protection, allowing the fast and convenient fabrication of MONs under mild conditions.…”

Utilizing Heterostructured Porous Particles to Improve Traditional Paper Chromatography for Spontaneous Protein Separation

“…The separation of proteins plays an important role in life science, biomedical research, and biopharmacy. − High-performance liquid chromatography is one of the most widely used techniques for protein separation . In recent years, many chromatographic packing materials, including silica, , nanoparticles, nanofibrous aerogels, , organic monolith particles, and organo-silica composites, , have been developed to achieve efficient protein separation. However, such a high-resolution analytical separation approach is often used at an extremely high pressure because the liquid cannot be transported spontaneously due to the closely packed chromatography materials.…”