Fabrication of N-doped and shape-controlled porous monolithic carbons from polyacrylonitrile for supercapacitors

Shu, Yu; Maruyama, Jun; Iwasaki, Satoshi; Maruyama, Shohei; Shen, Yehua; Uyama, Hiroshi

doi:10.1039/c7ra07003a

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…In addition, the synthetic atmosphere did not show a clear effect, but in any case, under N 2 atmosphere, high Co loadings gave rise to a maximum S BET area of 34.87 m 2 /g. These results are similar to those reported in the literature for PAN [ 43 ] and g-Co 3 O 4 /g-C 3 N 4 materials [ 36 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…[ 25 ] In turn, the samples functionalized with 10% of cobalt exhibited a more striking C–C contribution, together with the non-presence of signals around 290 eV, most likely related to the formation and higher concentration of metal oxide entities on the materials’ surface. Moreover, deconvolution of the N1s XPS region of PAN-A, PAN-N, PAN-N/3%Co, and PAN-A/3%Co samples revealed the presence of five signals located around 397.0 ± 0.5, 399.0 ± 0.5, 400.0 ± 0.5, 402.0 ± 0.5, and 403 ± 0.5 eV, which could be associated with pyridinic-N, pyrrolic-N, amine-N, graphitic-N, and pyridone-N groups [ 43 ]. Moreover, as reported by Thomas Wagberg and recently described by Van Der Voort et al, two different types of graphitic nitrogen entities could be contributing to the signal located at 401.0 ± 0.5 eV, namely, the quaternary N atoms at the center (at lower binding energy) and at the valley (at higher binding energy) [ 35 , 48 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Poly-acrylonitrile (PAN) fibers are one of the most used polymers in the textile industry, and they are the principal source of carbon fibers [ 37 , 38 , 39 ]. To obtain carbon fibers from PAN before carbonization, there are previous steps in which the fibers are cyclized by the nitrile group and finally turned into a self-doped N-carbon, thus improving their conductivity properties [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanochemically Synthetized PAN-Based Co-N-Doped Carbon Materials as Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction

et al. 2021

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We report a new class of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based Co-N-doped carbon materials that can act as suitable catalyst for oxygen evolution reactions (OER). Different Co loadings were mechanochemically added into post-consumed PAN fibers. Subsequently, the samples were treated at 300 °C under air (PAN-A) or nitrogen (PAN-N) atmosphere to promote simultaneously the Co3O4 species and PAN cyclization. The resulting electrocatalysts were fully characterized and analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission (TEM) and scanning electron (SEM) microscopies, as well as nitrogen porosimetry. The catalytic performance of the Co-N-doped carbon nanomaterials were tested for OER in alkaline environments. Cobalt-doped PAN-A samples showed worse OER electrocatalytic performance than their homologous PAN-N ones. The PAN-N/3% Co catalyst exhibited the lowest OER overpotential (460 mV) among all the Co-N-doped carbon nanocomposites, reaching 10 mA/cm2. This work provides in-depth insights on the electrocatalytic performance of metal-doped carbon nanomaterials for OER.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanochemically Synthetized PAN-Based Co-N-Doped Carbon Materials as Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction

et al. 2021

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“…Their reported experimental conditions were not identical to what we used in the fabrication of our polymers. 6,14 This could be owing to the larger percentage of the pores lying in the macroporous range as opposed to the mesoporous range (see Figs. 3 and 4).…”

Section: Quality and Quantitative Pore Size Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of nitrogen donor macro- and meso-porous materials for group 11 metal ions sorption

2018

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Macro(meso) porous polymer materials were prepared via a modified TIPS method using reagent grade polymers mixtures; polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polyvinylpyridine-co-styrene (PVPS). Reaction conditions such as concentration, temperature and the solvents used were found to affect the morphology of the polymer materials formed. The use of low heat for polymer dissolution, near critical point polymer concentration and a miscible solvent/non-solvent pair in excess non-solvent were found to produce porous polymers. The macro-(meso-) porous materials were further used in metal adsorption/desorption studies and they were found to remove up to 80 % of Cu(II), Ag(I) and Au(III) from aqueous solution. Adsorption/desorption experiments were performed using the polymer monolith KSP1{(PAN : PVPS = 75 : 25 (w/w) in DMSO : H 2 O = 90 : 10(v/v)} and it showed excellent reusability adsorbing and desorbing up to 90 % of the metal ions in a series of five cycles. Ternary solutions for adsorption/desorption experiments were added in the order Cu(II), Ag(I) and Au(III). KEYWORDS Fabrication, polymer monolith, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylpyridine-co-styrene, adsorption of group 11 metal ions.

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“…Various nitrogen-enriched materials have been used as precursors to generate carbon-based materials, including polyaniline (Zhang X. et al, 2017 ), PAN (Wang et al, 2014 ), and aminopyrine (Zhang E. et al, 2017 ). Among these, PAN has received intensive attention because of its efficient advantages of having a high nitrogen content, a controllable morphology and a relatively greater carbon production rate (Shu et al, 2017 ). PAN is a readily available, inexpensive material with high regeneration ability, good chemical resistance, good thermal stability, low flammability, and excellent mechanical features (Saeed et al, 2008 ; Tahaei et al, 2008 ; Heo et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Role of Activators for Efficient CO2 Affinity on Polyacrylonitrile-Based Porous Carbon Materials

2020

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Herein, we investigated polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based porous activated carbon sorbents as an efficient candidate for CO 2 capture. In this research, an easy and an economical method of chemical activation and carbonization was used to generate activated PAN precursor (PAN-C) adsorbents. The influence of various activators including NaOH, KOH, K 2 CO 3 , and KNO 3 on the textural features of PAN-C and their CO 2 adsorption performance under different temperatures was examined. Among the investigated adsorbents, PANC-NaOH and PANC-KOH exhibited high specific surface areas (2,012 and 3,072 m 2 g −1), with high microporosity (0.82 and 1.15 cm 3 g −1) and large amounts of carbon and nitrogen moieties. The PAN-C activated with NaOH and KOH showed maximum CO 2 uptakes of 257 and 246 mg g −1 at 273 K and 163 and 155 mg g −1 at 298 K, 1 bar, respectively, which was much higher as compared to the inactivated PAN-C precursor (8.9 mg g −1 at 273 K and 1 bar). The heat of adsorption (Q st) was in the range 10.81-39.26 kJ mol −1 , indicating the physisorption nature of the CO 2 adsorption process. The PAN-C-based activated adsorbents demonstrated good regeneration ability over repeated adsorption cycles. The current study offers a facile two-step fabrication method to generate efficient activated porous carbon materials from inexpensive and readily available PAN for use as CO 2 adsorbents in environmental applications.

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Fabrication of N-doped and shape-controlled porous monolithic carbons from polyacrylonitrile for supercapacitors

Abstract: N-doped and shape-controlled porous monolithic carbon (PMC) was easily fabricated and displayed excellent electrochemical performance as an electrode for supercapacitors.

Cited by 19 publications

References 62 publications

Mechanochemically Synthetized PAN-Based Co-N-Doped Carbon Materials as Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Mechanochemically Synthetized PAN-Based Co-N-Doped Carbon Materials as Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Fabrication of nitrogen donor macro- and meso-porous materials for group 11 metal ions sorption

A Role of Activators for Efficient CO2 Affinity on Polyacrylonitrile-Based Porous Carbon Materials

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