Fabrication of One-Dimensional Polymer Nanowires by Templated Bipolar Electropolymerization Promoted by Electrophoretic Effect

Zhou, Yaqian; Shida, Naoki; Koizumi, Yuki; Endo, Kaoru; Tomita, Ikuyoshi; Inagi, Shinsuke

doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00873

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Apart from the neuromorphic engineering community, the investigation can be an important contribution to various other domains wherein such interconnections and morphological shapes control their functionalities 23 – 30 . The approach can also be explored for pattering applications 37 and locomotion of conducting objects with similar techniques 38 , 39 . The modeling can also be translated to problems involving wireless electro-polymerization 16 , 40 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical modeling of dendrite growth from conductive wire electro-polymerization

Kumar

Janzakova

Coffinier

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Electropolymerization is a bottom-up materials engineering process of micro/nano-scale that utilizes electrical signals to deposit conducting dendrites morphologies by a redox reaction in the liquid phase. It resembles synaptogenesis in the brain, in which the electrical stimulation in the brain causes the formation of synapses from the cellular neural composites. The strategy has been recently explored for neuromorphic engineering by establishing link between the electrical signals and the dendrites’ shapes. Since the geometry of these structures determines their electrochemical properties, understanding the mechanisms that regulate polymer assembly under electrically programmed conditions is an important aspect. In this manuscript, we simulate this phenomenon using mesoscale simulations, taking into account the important features of spatial–temporal potential mapping based on the time-varying signal, the motion of charged particles in the liquid due to the electric field, and the attachment of particles on the electrode. The study helps in visualizing the motion of the charged particles in different electrical conditions, which is not possible to probe experimentally. Consistent with the experiments, the higher AC frequency of electrical activities favors linear wire-like growth, while lower frequency leads to more dense and fractal dendrites’ growth, and voltage offset leads to asymmetrical growth. We find that dendrites' shape and growth process systematically depend on particle concentration and random scattering. We discover that the different dendrites’ architectures are associated with different Laplace and diffusion fields, which govern the monomers’ trajectory and subsequent dendrites’ growth. Such unconventional engineering routes could have a variety of applications from neuromorphic engineering to bottom-up computing strategies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical modeling of dendrite growth from conductive wire electro-polymerization

Kumar

Janzakova

Coffinier

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…We recently reported the use of a stacked electrolytic cell (Figure S10a) for the fabrication of one-dimensional polymer nanowires exploiting the synergy of electrophoresis and electropolymerization under bipolar conditions. 42 To investigate this configuration, we opted for a setup like the one reported in Figure S10b, where the camera is placed obliquely with respect to the BPEs to have a good focus on both the electrodes.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the Distribution of Potential Gradient in Bipolar Electrochemical Systems through Luminol Electrochemiluminescence Imaging

Villani

Inagi

2021

Anal. Chem.

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Bipolar electrochemistry has been regarded as a powerful and sustainable electrochemical process for the synthesis of novel functional materials. The appealing features of this electrochemical technology, such as the wireless nature of the bipolar electrode (BPE) and the possibility to drive simultaneously electrochemical reactions on multiple BPEs placed in the same electrochemical cell, together with the possibility to change the shape and positioning of the driving electrodes, give significant freedom to design reaction systems. Nevertheless, the cell geometry dramatically affects the distribution and intensity of the potential gradient generated on the BPE surface and its monitoring is hampered due to the wireless nature of the BPE. In the present study, we propose the use of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) as an electrochemical imaging technique to map the distribution of potential gradient in bipolar electrochemical cells with different geometries. The proposed approach exploits the strong ECL emission of luminol/hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) system generated at the anodic pole of the BPE, when the total applied voltage (E tot) is strong enough to trigger the electrochemical reaction. Since luminol ECL emission is rather intense and relatively stable, the evolution of the potential distribution as a function of E tot can be monitored using a digital camera, allowing the elucidation of the potential distribution profile in every bipolar configuration. The suggested approach represents a valuable and reliable method to map the potential gradient in bipolar electrochemical systems and can be readily employed in every type of bipolar configuration.

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“…In this case, a template‐free perpendicular growth of PEDOT fiber arrays was achieved (Figure 2d) [40] . Also a split templated BPE was used for the synthesis of one‐dimensional poly‐3‐thiophenetrifluoroborate nanowires [41] . In this work, the BPE was composed of two ITO electrodes connected with each other and placed parallel to the feeder electrodes.…”

Section: Bipolar Electro‐organic Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Bipolar Electrochemistry with Conducting Polymers

et al. 2021

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Conducting polymers have been extensively studied due to their potential applications ranging from sensing to energy storage, and environmental remediation. They can be easily generated by electrosynthesis and have also very interesting electrochemical features, which have been mostly examined with classic electrochemical approaches. Bipolar electrochemistry offers an attractive alternative way to synthesize and characterize the physico‐chemical properties of conducting polymers. The wireless and asymmetric features of bipolar electrochemistry can be advantageously combined with the electroactivity, tunability and easy processability of conducting polymers. This synergy has been increasingly explored in recent years for the controlled electrogeneration, surface modification and characterization of different π‐conjugated polymers. This review summarizes the advances in this context and also discusses some unconventional applications such as wireless light‐emitting devices and actuators.

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Fabrication of One-Dimensional Polymer Nanowires by Templated Bipolar Electropolymerization Promoted by Electrophoretic Effect

Cited by 16 publications

References 47 publications

Theoretical modeling of dendrite growth from conductive wire electro-polymerization

Theoretical modeling of dendrite growth from conductive wire electro-polymerization

Mapping the Distribution of Potential Gradient in Bipolar Electrochemical Systems through Luminol Electrochemiluminescence Imaging

Recent Advances in Bipolar Electrochemistry with Conducting Polymers

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