Fabrication of PLLA/β-TCP nanocomposite scaffolds with hierarchical porosity for bone tissue engineering

Strategies to engineer tendon/ligament-to-bone interface: Biomaterials, cells and growth factors

“…Commonly used biomaterials for bone include calcium phosphate ceramics (in particular hydroxyhapatite (HA) [28][29][30] and β-tricalciumphosphate (β-TCP) [28,[31][32][33]), bioactive glasses (mainly silicate-based 45S5 Bioglass ® [34,35]), natural polymers (such as alginate [36], silk [10,29,37] and collagen [38][39][40][41][42]) and synthetic polymers (particularly poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) [31,32,[43][44][45], poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) [33], polyglycolic acid (PGA) [45] and polylactid-co-glycolid acid (PLGA) [46,47]) (table 2).…”

“…ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 33 To generate a functional tendon/ligament-to-bone construct, tissue engineering strategies might focus on biomimetic approaches that recapitulate the structural and cellular heterogeneity of the native tissue. An optimal strategy may combine a heterogeneous scaffold design with autologous MSCs stimulated with a combination of growth factors and mechanical stimuli that direct spatial-and temporal-dependent cell differentiation and ECM production ( Figure 5).…”

Hierarchically porous nagelschmidtite bioceramic–silk scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

“…However, the pores of the scaffolds prepared by this method are not uniform and the mechanical strength is quite low (less than 1 MPa). 12 Three-level porous hydroxyapatite/collagen [30][31][32] In this study, we, for the first time, combined 3D-plotting and freezedrying methods to fabricate hierarchically porous BC-silk composite scaffolds. The significant advantage of the prepared scaffolds is that they not only have ordered hierarchical pore structure, but also excellent mechanical strength.…”

“…11 Lou et al prepared PLLA-b-TCP composite scaffolds with a hierarchical pore structure by combining thermal induced phase separation and salt leaching techniques. 12 These studies suggested that macropores with a pore diameter in the range of 50-300 mm are beneficial for cell attachment, proliferation and vascularization while micropores in the range of 0.5-10 mm are desired to provide effective delivery of nutrients and physical cues to enhance cell response. [13][14][15] Inspired by the beneficial effects of hierarchical structures, we proposed that if a hierarchical pore structure could be constructed in 3D-plotted bioceramic scaffolds, it might solve the key issue of insufficient cell attachment in the interior of scaffolds, and at the same time harness the hierarchical pore structure for synergistically improving the in vitro and in vivo osteogenesis of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.…”

Kesan Triali Isosianurat (TIAC) terhadap Sifat Tegangan Filem Poly L-Laktid Asid (PLLA) yang Diiradiasi Gamma dan Alur Elektron

“…PLLA kini semakin menarik perhatian penyelidik kerana berpotensi sebagai bahan alternatif bagi menggantikan polimer sintetik samada dari sudut perubatan (Lou et al 2014;Rodenas-Rochina et al 2015), industri (Mat Uzir et al 2015;Nur Aimi et al 2015) dan alam sekitar (Quynh et al 2007). Walau bagaimanapun, PLLA sering dikaitkan dengan kelemahan pada sifat mekanik dan sifat terma walaupun menunjukkan prestasi yang begitu cemerlang dalam sifat kebioserasian.…”