Fabrication of practical catalytic electrodes using insulating and eco-friendly substrates for overall water splitting

Abstract

A family of catalytic electrodes fabricated by insulating substrates of paper, cloth and sponge which bring dramatic advantages of high performance, low cost, light weight, eco-friendliness, flexibility, and simple fabrication, were developed.

Electroless Plating of Transition Metal Boride with High Boron Content as Superior HER Electrocatalyst

“…While the intensity of the Ni 0 peak at 851.89 eV and B 0 peak at 187.25 eV for NiB decreases significantly. This is probably due to slow oxidation and formation of nickel hydroxide on the surface of the metal boride during the HER test as suggested in previous study . The formation of oxidation layer could also be confirmed by the Raman spectrum (Figure c) as two extra peaks at around 453 and 495 cm −1 are observed for post‐HER NiB/Ni, which can be assigned to Ni(OH) 2 .…”

Engineering active sites on hierarchical transition bimetal oxides/sulfides heterostructure array enabling robust overall water splitting

“…In comparison of NiMoS (370, 437, and 526 mV), MoO x /MoS 2 (266, 332, and 438 mV), NiO x /Ni 3 S 2 (214, 267, and 366 mV), as-synthesized NiMoO x /NiMoS array presents the low overpotentials of 186, 225, and 278 mV at current densities of 10, 100, and 500 mA cm −2 , and delivers a large current density of 1000 mA cm −2 at 334 mV towards OER (Fig. 6b), satisfying the requirements for commercial electrocatalytic application (for example, j ≥ 500 mA cm −2 at η ≤ 300 mV) [48][49][50][51] . Compared to most reported OER catalysts (Supplementary Table 5), the overpotential of NiMoO x /NiMoS array at 10 mA cm −2 is still lower than those of O-CoMoS (272 mV) 42 , CoS-Co(OH) 2 @MoS 2+x (380 mV) 26 , MoS 2 /Fe 5 Ni 4 S 8 (204 mV) 27 , MoS 2 /Ni 3 S 2 (218 mV) 28 , and iron-substrate-derived electrocatalyst (269 mV) 48 , etc.…”

“…7b and Supplementary Tabel 7). Compared to the reported electrocatalysts with the large current densities (e.g., 500 and 1000 mA cm −2 ), such as NiMoN@NiFeN 65 , nickel-cobalt complexes hybridized MoS 2 66 , Ni-P-B/paper 49 , NiVIr-LDH ||NiVRu-LDH 50 , phosphorus-doped Fe 3 O 4 51 , graphdiyne-sandwiched layered double-hydroxide nanosheets 67 , N,S-coordinated Ir nanoclusters embedded on N,S-doped graphene 68 , Co 3 Mo/Cu 69 , and FeP/Ni 2 P hybrid 70 , all aforementioned analysis confirm that as-prepared NiMoO x /NiMoS array could be served as promising industrial candidate for overall water splitting. With regard to the operating stability as important metric, this typical two-electrode cell can maintain the excellent electrocatalytic activity at a large current density of 500 mA cm −2 at the voltage of 1.75 V over 500 h without obvious degradation in 1 M KOH solution at 25 °C (Fig.…”

Single‐Atom and Dual‐Atom Electrocatalysts Derived from Metal Organic Frameworks: Current Progress and Perspectives

“…The fuel cells, metal–air batteries, and water electrolyzers are several promising energy conversion devices owing to their high efficiencies and environmentally friendly characters [1–3] . Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are the core reactions in these devices and the kinetics of the reactions determine the energy conversion efficiency of these devices to a great extent [4–6] . Therefore, the development of corresponding electrocatalysts to reduce the energy barrier and facilitate kinetics of electrochemical reactions is an effective strategy to increase the efficiency of the above energy conversion devices.…”

“…[1][2][3] Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are the core reactions in these devices and the kinetics of the reactions determine the energy conversion efficiency of these devices to a great extent. [4][5][6] Therefore, the development of corresponding electrocatalysts to reduce the energy barrier and facilitate kinetics of electrochemical reactions is an effective strategy to increase the efficiency of the above energy conversion devices. In addition, fossil fuels are still the main source of energy in contemporary society, and the burning of fossil fuels causes serious environmental issues such as greenhouse effect owing to the emissions of CO 2 .…”