Fabrication of self-assembled nanostructures for intracellular drug delivery from diphenylalanine analogues with rigid or flexible chemical linkers

Abstract

Self-assembly of molecular building blocks is a simple and useful approach to generate supramolecular structures with varied morphologies and functions. By studying the chemical properties of the building blocks and...

Self-assembly induced tunable multiple fluorescence output from a white light-emitting functionalized single π-conjugated molecule and implication in VOC sensing applications

“…Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) by organic building blocks has also been described, where non-fluorescent monomeric units displayed significant emission in the self-assembled state associated with red-shifted emission maxima in polar media. 44,45 This observed increase in the emission intensity of the L1 with increasing solvent polarity may be attributed to the supramolecular assembly-induced emission enhancement process (SAIEE). 46,47 Further increase in the water content (50% to 90%) in the solvent medium leads to a change in the aggregation behaviour due to the alteration of the nature of noncovalent interactions, responsible for the lowering of the emission intensity due to the process termed Aggregation Caused Quenching (ACQ).…”

“…46,47 Further increase in the water content (50% to 90%) in the solvent medium leads to a change in the aggregation behaviour due to the alteration of the nature of noncovalent interactions, responsible for the lowering of the emission intensity due to the process termed Aggregation Caused Quenching (ACQ). 45,48 On the other hand, the redshift of the emission maxima with varying the water content from 50 to 90% is probably due to the stabilization of the LUMO in a polar medium. The charge transfer nature of the emission band is reflected in the redshifts of this characteristic emission maximum with a steady increase in the solvent polarity.…”

Generation of Self‐Assembled Structures Composed of Amphipathic, Charged Tripeptides for Intracellular Delivery of Pro‐Apoptotic Chemotherapeutics

“…Aggregation induced emission (AIE) by monomeric building blocks has also been observed wherein the non‐emissive monomeric state shows characteristic emission upon self‐assembly in polar solvent. This observed increase in emission intensity of the self‐assembled S2 with increasing solvent polarity may be ascribed to the aggregation‐induced emission enhancement process (AIEE) [57–59] . Solvent polarity also affects electronic transitions associated with CT bands and can stabilize LUMO by reducing excited state energy.…”

“…This observed increase in emission intensity of the self-assembled S2 with increasing solvent polarity may be ascribed to the aggregationinduced emission enhancement process (AIEE). [57][58][59] Solvent polarity also affects electronic transitions associated with CT bands and can stabilize LUMO by reducing excited state energy.. [60] Emission is often quenched due to the formation of unfavourable excimers and exciplexes when fluorophores are aggregated and condensed, a process termed aggregation caused quenching (ACQ). [61] However, organic building blocks may also undergo aggregation induced emission (AIE), wherein, monomeric units with less emission intensity exhibits significant emission enhancement upon self-assembly in a polar solvent [58,59] , a process that may explain the increase in emission intensity for self-assembled S2-based structures.…”

“…[57][58][59] Solvent polarity also affects electronic transitions associated with CT bands and can stabilize LUMO by reducing excited state energy.. [60] Emission is often quenched due to the formation of unfavourable excimers and exciplexes when fluorophores are aggregated and condensed, a process termed aggregation caused quenching (ACQ). [61] However, organic building blocks may also undergo aggregation induced emission (AIE), wherein, monomeric units with less emission intensity exhibits significant emission enhancement upon self-assembly in a polar solvent [58,59] , a process that may explain the increase in emission intensity for self-assembled S2-based structures.…”