Fabrication of Silver Nanoparticle-Embedded Polymer Promoted by Combined Photochemical Properties of a 2,7-Diaminofluorene Derivative Dye

Balan, Lavinia; Jin, Ming; Malval, Jean‐Pierre; Chaumeil, Hélène; Defoin, Albert; Vidal, Loı̈c

doi:10.1021/ma8017926

Cited by 60 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In order to advance the understanding of this complex process, we propose a general mechanism susceptible to describe the photoreduction of silver ions and the regenerative pathway of DES as observed experimentally. As previously demonstrated for diaminofluorene derivatives, 33 we propose that the major route for the photobleaching of DES stems from the production of the corresponding radical cation (DES •+ ) and anion (DES •− ). These radicals result from a self-quenching reaction of DES (eq 1) between its excited triplet state ( 3 DES) and its ground state (DES) as follows:…”

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Enhancement of Two-Photon Initiating Efficiency of a 4,4′-Diaminostyryl-2,2′-bipyridine Derivative Promoted by Complexation with Silver Ions

et al. 2012

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We report on the two-photon-induced polymerization (TPIP) ability of a new class of free radical two-photon initiator based on a cationic silver(I) complex incorporating 4,4′-diaminostyryl-2,2′-bipyridine (DES) derivatives as ligands. Coordination with Ag + induces a strong increase of the charge transfer character at excited state, which enhances the two-photon absorption properties of the complex with respect to that of the free ligand. A comparative analysis of the photophysical properties of DES and DES 2 Ag + shows that the presence of silver cation increases the efficiency for the generation of radical cations (DES •+ ), which can be used as hydrogen abstractor in free radical photopolymerization. We show that the addition of an aliphatic amine used as hydrogen donor also opens a parallel route for the regeneration of DES. The improvement of the two-photon polymerization efficiency is then evidenced by the fabrication of microstructures. We finally demonstrate that the use of DES 2 Ag + as two-photon initiator offers new opportunities for the fabrication of functional nanostructures composed of metal−polymer nanocomposites. ■ INTRODUCTIONSince the past decade, two-photon-induced polymerization (TPIP) has been extensively studied due to the growing need of three-dimensional (3D) micro/nanofabrication techniques in many fields such as nanophotonics, nanoplasmonics, microfluidics, or nano-and microelectromechanical systems (NEMS/ MEMS). 1−11 Among the numerous approaches for fabricating 3D microstructures, direct laser writing processes based on multiphoton polymerization provide a unique opportunity to create complex microstructures by combining both sub-100 nm resolution and relatively high throughput. In addition, various engineering materials such as polymers, ceramics, metals, and hybrid materials 12−16 have been successfully used for 3D microfabrication of micromodels, 17 micromachines, 8,18 and microdevices. 1−5 Nowadays, many efforts are focused on the development of super-resolution TPIP and on the design of new materials which can simultaneously respond to the need of higher resolution and to specific criteria such as biocompatibility for emerging fields like biosciences. 19,20 Hence, the development of new two-photon-induced initiating systems appears fundamental so as to improve the sensitivity of the materials and consequently allows the use of lower laser power and less time-consuming processes. 21−24 In this context, an elegant approach of increasing the two-photon absorption efficiency of photoinitiator (PI) is based on the complexation of PI dyes around a metal ion core. Such a geometrical organization leads to important photophysical changes, particularly a strong enhancement of the two-photon absorption cross section. Recently, we applied this strategy with 4,4′-diaminostyryl-2,2′-bipyridine series. Indeed, we showed that these "push−pull" chromophores exhibited a strong enhancement of their TPA cross sections when chelating a metal cation. 25 Several groups also demonstrated that the coordi...

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Section: ■ Experimental Sectionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Enhancement of Two-Photon Initiating Efficiency of a 4,4′-Diaminostyryl-2,2′-bipyridine Derivative Promoted by Complexation with Silver Ions

et al. 2012

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“…79 In this approach, a diaminofluorene compound (Fig. 1) precursors and as a free radical photoinitiator to produce silver nanoparticles in a poly(ethylene glycol) matrix at the same time.…”

Section: Metal/polymer Nanocomposites By Photochemical Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New photoinitiating systems designed for polymer/inorganic hybrid nanocoatings

Yaǧcı

2009

J Coat Technol Res

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Conventional UV-curable formulations consist of photoinitiators, multifunctional monomers and oligomers, reactive diluents, pigments, and additives. While photoinitiators are the key components of the formulations and responsible for the absorption of light and relevant performances (e.g., cure speed, highpercent conversion, etc.), the final properties of the cured coating are governed by the other high-volume components. With recent advances in the use of nanomaterials like metals, metal oxides, and silicates in coatings, it is now possible to prepare nanocoatings with enhanced physical, chemical, and biological properties. This is due, in part, to the difference in surface area per unit of volume at the nanoscale. Nanocoatings are usually prepared by UV irradiation of formulations containing dispersed nanoparticles. However, the homogeneous dispersion of these nanoparticles is a key challenge due to their easy agglomeration arising from their high surface-free energy. It is often difficult to obtain well-dispersed formulations providing good transmission of light for a complete cure. In this article, we report several synthetic methodologies for the preparation of epoxy and (meth)acrylate-based nanocoatings containing clay or metal nanoparticles. In the former case, photolysis of intercalated photoinitiator within the layers of montmorillonite clay in the presence of monomers resulted in the in situ formation of exfoliated structures. For the preparation of metal nanocoatings, the formation of silver or gold nanoparticles and crosslinking are accomplished simultaneously by photoinduced electron transfer and polymerization processes. The nanoparticles are homogenously distributed in the network without macroscopic agglomeration. Applicability to both free radical and cationic systems is demonstrated. Moreover, a novel photochemical route for grafting from the self-assembled monolayers on gold is presented.

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“…12 Recent strategies also include simultaneous polymer matrix synthesis with in situ formation of silver nanoparticles. [21][22][23] Thermal and photocrosslinking of dimethacrylate polymers are widely used in biomedical applications, such as bone cement, 24 dental materials, 25 tissue engineering, 26 and as precursors to hydrogels. 27 Because biomedical devices are frequently used in physiological environments where the growth and colonization of bacteria may result in the failure of the devices, 28 antibacterial properties can enhance the performance of such devices by reducing bacteriarelated infections and thereby increasing the device service life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ formation of silver nanoparticles in photocrosslinking polymers

et al. 2011

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Nanocomposites of cross-linked methacrylate polymers with silver nanoparticles have been synthesized by coupling photoinitiated free radical polymerization of dimethacrylates with in situ silver ion reduction. A polymerizable methacrylate bearing a secondary amino functional group was used to increase the solubility of the silver salt in the hydrophobic resin system. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed that the silver ion reduction had no significant effect on the degree of vinyl conversion of the methacrylate. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements showed an increased silver concentration at the composite surface compared to the expected concentration based on the total amount of silver salt added. Furthermore, the surface silver concentration leveled off when the silver salt mass fractions were 0.08% or greater. Composites with low concentrations of silver salt (< 0.08% by mass) exhibited comparable mechanical properties to those containing no silver. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed that the silver nanoparticles formed within the polymer matrix were nanocrystalline in nature and primarily ≈ 3 nm in diameter, with some large particle aggregates. Composites containing silver nanoparticles were shown to reduce bacterial colonization with as little as 0.03% (by mass) silver salt, while additional amounts of silver salt did not further decrease their surface colonization. With a substantial effect on bacterial growth and minimal effects on mechanical properties, the in situ formation of silver nanoparticles within methacrylate materials is a promising technique for synthesizing antibacterial nanocomposites for biomedical applications.

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Fabrication of Silver Nanoparticle-Embedded Polymer Promoted by Combined Photochemical Properties of a 2,7-Diaminofluorene Derivative Dye

Cited by 60 publications

References 52 publications

Enhancement of Two-Photon Initiating Efficiency of a 4,4′-Diaminostyryl-2,2′-bipyridine Derivative Promoted by Complexation with Silver Ions

Enhancement of Two-Photon Initiating Efficiency of a 4,4′-Diaminostyryl-2,2′-bipyridine Derivative Promoted by Complexation with Silver Ions

New photoinitiating systems designed for polymer/inorganic hybrid nanocoatings

In situ formation of silver nanoparticles in photocrosslinking polymers

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