Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Surfaces from Microstructured ZnO-Based Surfaces via a Wet-Chemical Route

Wu, Xuedong; Luo, Zheng; Wu, Dan

doi:10.1021/la050275y

Cited by 288 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, Table 1 shows that this was not the case for the CO 2 laserinduced patterned samples as θ had increased by up to 10° even though a maximum increase in Sa was determined to be around 0.6 µm when compared to the as-received sample (AR). As hypothesized previously [6,8], this phenomenon can be explained by the existence of a mixed-state wetting regime [21][22] Figure 4 shows that θ was to some extent an inverse function of both γ P and γ T in which θ reduced on account of an increase in γ P and γ T . This is highly significant as even though θ has, in general, increased upon an increase in surface roughness (see Figure 5), γ P and γ T must still play an important role in determining the wettability of laser surface modified nylon® 6,6.…”

Section: -Co 2 Laser Whole Area Irradiative Processingsupporting

confidence: 63%

Modulating calcium phosphate formation using CO2 laser engineering of a polymeric material

Waugh

Lawrence

2012

Materials Science and Engineering: C

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The use of simulated body fluid (SBF) is widely used as a screening technique to assess the ability of materials to promote calcium phosphate formation. This paper details the use of CO 2 laser surface treatment of nylon® 6,6 to modulate calcium phosphate formation following immersion in SBF for 14 days. Through white light interferometry (WLI) it was determined that the laser surface processing gave rise to maximum Ra and Sa parameters of 1.3 and 4.4 µm, respectively. The use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) enabled a maximum increase in surface oxygen content of 5.6 %at. to be identified. The laser-induced surface modifications gave rise to a

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Section: -Co 2 Laser Whole Area Irradiative Processingsupporting

confidence: 63%

Modulating calcium phosphate formation using CO2 laser engineering of a polymeric material

Waugh

Lawrence

2012

Materials Science and Engineering: C

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“…But, Table 1 shows that this is not the case for the CO 2 laser-induced patterned samples as θ had increased by up to 10° even though a maximum increase in Sa was determined to be around 0.5 µm when compared to the asreceived sample (AR). As hypothesized previously [29,30], this phenomenon can be explained by the existence of a mixed-state wetting regime [31][32][33][34]. That is, the liquid, when in contact with the sample surface, gave rise to a mixture of Wenzel and Cassie-Baxter regimes.…”

supporting

confidence: 53%

Osteoblast cell response to a CO2 laser modified polymeric material

Waugh

Lawrence

Brown

2012

Optics and Lasers in Engineering

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-AbstractLasers are an efficient technology which can be applied for the surface treatment of polymeric biomaterials to enhance insufficient surface properties. That is, the surface chemistry and topography of biomaterials can be modulated to increase the biofunctionality of that material. By employing CO 2 laser patterning and whole area processing of nylon 6,6 this paper details how the surface properties were significantly modified. Samples which had undergone whole area processing followed current theory in that the advancing contact angle, θ, with water decreased and the polar component, γ p , increased upon an increase in surface roughness. For the patterned samples it was observed that θ increased and γ P decreased. This did not follow current theory and can be explained by a mixed-state wetting regime. By seeding osteoblast cells onto the samples for 24 hours and 4 days the laser surface treatment gave rise to modulated cell response. For the laser whole area processing, θ and γ P correlated with the observed cell count and cover density. Owed to the wetting regime, the patterned samples did not give rise to any correlative trend. As a result, CO 2 laser whole area processing is more likely to allow one to predict biofunctionality prior to cell seeding. What is more, for all samples, cell differentiation was evidenced. On account of this and the modulation in cell response, it has been shown that laser surface treatment lends itself to changing the biofunctional properties of nylon 6,6.Keywords: Laser surface treatment, osteoblast cells, wettability, nylon 6,6, bioactivity. -IntroductionOn account of the population living longer and biotechnology having the potential to improve quality of life there is an ever increasing interest in this field [1][2][3][4][5][6]. More times than not there usually has to be a compromise between bulk and surface properties when determining the best polymeric materials to use [7,8]. In most cases the bulk properties are seen more in favour over those surface properties required [8]. As a result of this, surface properties are not sufficient in terms of the level of bioactivity required giving rise to clinical failure of the implant [9]. Leading on from this, there is a necessity of developing a technique to change the surface properties to enhance and predict the cell response.Through prior research other methods such as plasmas [10][11][12][13], photochemical techniques [14][15][16] and coating technologies [3,[17][18][19] offer the ability to vary the physiochemical properties of the polymer surface without changing the bulk properties. These various techniques have the ability to improve cell growth and adhesion on polymeric biomaterials; however controlled, precise modification is lacking from the methods named. Laser surface treatment offers the ability to vary the physiochemical surface properties simultaneously with considerably more control and accuracy in comparison to the other possible techniques [20,21]. Furthermore, lasers offer a convenient means of modifying ...

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“…Nano-fibres can also be grown on surfaces using catalyst particles to direct growth. This produces surfaces with very high roughness and small size, important for the investigation of some extreme effects [79,80,81,82].…”

Section: Crystal Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%