Fabrication of Sustainable Hybrid MOF/Silica Electrodes for Current Lithium-ion Batteries and Beyond

Abstract

Natural abundance and well-explored synthesis of silica are among the main motivations for the impressive evolution of silicon-based electrodes occurring over the last few years. In this work, an effective strategy has been introduced for the realization of silica-based anodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) starting from zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF67)/mesopores silica (mSiO2), which has been employed as a precursor. This approach leads to the realization of a hybrid electrode formed by the combination of a carbon nanotube (CNT) grown on the nitrogen-doped graphene-like structure, ultrafine cobalt-based nanoparticles, and silica (SiO2/Co3O4/NGC/CNT). From an electrochemical point of view, the performance of this engineered hybrid silica-based electrode (EHSiE), formed by water and a cellulose-based binder, is evaluated in both LP30 and ether-based electrolyte environments, the latter being particularly attractive in the emerging field of sulfur-based batteries. The EHSiE electrode displays a remarkable stability for 1000 cycles with the high reversible capacity of ∼410 mA h g–1 at 5 A g–1 versus Li/Li+ in the LP30 electrolyte. Moreover, this electrode discloses a good electrochemical behavior when coupled with high mass loading LiFePO4 cathode to design a full LIB. More impressively, a systemic investigation reveals a remarkable compatibility of EHSiE with ether-based electrolytes, providing a specific discharge capacity of 300 mA h g–1 for 500 cycles at 1 A g–1. These results suggest that the engineered electrode can be successfully applied in the field of high-energy and environmentally sustainable lithium-based batteries.

A Robust n‐n Heterojunction: CuN and BN Boosting for Ambient Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction to Ammonia

“…Furthermore, the broad peak ≈2700 cm −1 associated with the 2D-band is mainly originated from the formation of graphene-like structures. [39,40] This finding is in line with the Raman spectrum of the pristine Cu 3 (HITP) 2 . As for h-BN NSs, the asymmetric Raman E 2g mode at ≈1365 cm −1 is found (Figure S4b, Supporting Information).…”

Metal–organic frameworks for next-generation energy storage devices; a systematic review

“…The engineered hybrid silica-based electrode (EHSiE), which has a high reversible capacity of 410 mA h g À1 at 5 A g À1 vs. Li/Li + in the LP30 electrolyte, has outstanding stability for 1000 cycles. 107 Li-NTA (2-nitro terephthalate) s-block MOFs synthesised using a scalable microwave-assisted method and then converted to carbonaceous material (Li-NTA-C) for electrochemical energy storage (EES) applications as an anode for Li-ion batteries with significant low-rate capacities and cycling stability are shown in Fig. 5.…”

Silicon Solid State Battery: The Solid‐State Compatibility, Particle Size, and Carbon Compositing for High Energy Density

“…Silicon is unsuitable for practical applications due to its low electrical conductivity and poor cycle stability, which are caused by ionic and electrical contact loss resulting from the large expansion of Si in conjunction with Li. Several carbon-based materials, such as graphene oxides (GOs), [330] graphdiyne, [331] multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MW-CNTs), [332] carbon nanofibers (CNFs), [333] Si 3 N 4 , [334] MOFs-derived carbon, [214,335] and recently MXene, [276] could improve the electrode's sustainability, safety, and ion delivery. As a result of their exceptional mechanical capabilities, they can also serve as a buffering matrix to accommodate the massive volume fluctuations caused by Li.…”