Fabrication of Ti/polymer biocomposites for load-bearing implant applications

Wang, J.F.; Liu, X.Y.; Luan, B.

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.06.065

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Ti ASTM F67-00. [16] To obtain porosities between 30 and 50 pct and to ensure the desired stiffness, [4,17,18] the compacting pressures used were 38.5, 89.7, 147.7, and 211.5 MPa (from the compressibility curve of the powder), and the sintered temperatures were 1273 K, 1373 K, 1473 K, and 1573 K (1000°C, 1100°C, 1200°C, and 1300°C) for 2 hours (Table I). The powder mass used to obtain samples with dimensions suitable for testing compression (height/diameter = 0.8) was 5.14 g. The compacting step was carried out using an Instron 5505 universal machine (Instron, Norwood, MA) to apply the pressure needed for the desired porosity.…”

Section: A Samples Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conventional Powder Metallurgy Process and Characterization of Porous Titanium for Biomedical Applications

Torres

Pavón

Nieto

et al. 2011

Metall Mater Trans B

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Commercially pure titanium (c.p. Ti) is one of the best metallic biomaterials for bone tissue replacement. However, one of its main drawbacks, which compromises the service reliability of the implants, is the stress-shielding phenomenon (Young's modulus mismatch with respect to that one of the bone). Several previous works attempted to solve this problem. One alternative to solve that problem has been the development of biocomposites implants and, more recently, the fabrication of titanium porous implants. In this work, porous samples of c.p. Ti grade 4 were obtained using conventional powder metallurgy technique. The influence of the processing parameters (compacting pressure and sintering temperature) on the microstructure features (size, type, morphology, and percentage of porosity), as well as on the mechanical properties (compressive yield strength, and conventional and dynamic Young's modulus) were investigated. The results indicated that there is an increment in density, roundness of pores, and mean free path between them as compacting pressure and/or sintering temperature is increased. The Young's modulus (conventional and dynamic) and yield strength showed the same behavior. Better stiffness results, in the central part of cylindrical samples, were obtained for a uniaxial compression of 38.5 MPa using a sintering temperature of 1273 K and 1373 K (1000°C and 1100°C). An evaluation of porosity and Young's modulus along a cylindrical sample divided in three parts showed that is possible to obtain a titanium sample with graded porosity that could be used to design implants. This approach opens a new alternative to solve the bone resorption problems associated with the stress-shielding phenomenon.

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Section: A Samples Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conventional Powder Metallurgy Process and Characterization of Porous Titanium for Biomedical Applications

Torres

Pavón

Nieto

et al. 2011

Metall Mater Trans B

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“…This can create a stress shielding effect at the bone tissue/implant interface and, finally, leads to loosening of the implant. Moreover, the solid structure of the implant shows the lack or low ability to induce implant fixation and bone tissue regeneration 9–11. Thus, there are increasing needs to obtain a new kind of implants materials for solving all of above‐described problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the solid structure of the implant shows the lack or low ability to induce implant fixation and bone tissue regeneration. [9][10][11] Thus, there are increasing needs to obtain a new kind of implants materials for solving all of above-described problems. One of the solutions is to use a porous metallic structure instead of cast material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly porous titanium scaffolds for orthopaedic applications

et al. 2010

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For many years, the solid metals and their alloys have been widely used for fabrication of the implants replacing hard human tissues or their functions. To improve fixation of solid implants to the surrounding bone tissues, the materials with porous structures have been introduced. By tissue ingrowing into a porous structure of metallic implant, the bonding between the implant and the bone has been obtained. Substantial pore interconnectivity, in metallic implants, allows extensive body fluid transport through the porous implant. This can provoke bone tissue ingrowth, consequently, leading to the development of highly porous metallic implants, which could be used as scaffolds in bone tissue engineering. The goal of this study was to develop and then investigate properties of highly porous titanium structures received from powder metallurgy process. The properties of porous titanium samples, such as microstructure, porosity, Young's modulus, strength, together with permeability and corrosion resistance were investigated. Porous titanium scaffolds with nonhomogeneous distribution of interconnected pores with pore size in the range up to 600 μm in diameter and a total porosity in the range up to 75% were developed. The relatively high permeability was observed for samples with highest values of porosity. Comparing to cast titanium, the porous titanium was low resistant to corrosion. The mechanical parameters of the investigated samples were similar to those for cancellous bone. The development of high-porous titanium material shows high potential to be modern material for creating a 3D structure for bone regeneration and implant fixation.

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“…Currently, conventional implants still undergo problems of biomechanical mismatch of elastic modulus and interfacial stability with host tissues. Efforts have been made to develop low/matching stiffness materials to reduce stress shielding 24–27. Among these new materials, porous titanium (Ti) and Ti‐high‐density polyethylene (Ti‐HDPE) provide sufficient strength and corrosion resistance as well as high biocompatibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Efforts have been made to develop low/matching stiffness materials to reduce stress shielding. [24][25][26][27] Among these new materials, porous titanium (Ti) and Ti-high-density polyethylene (Ti-HDPE) provide sufficient strength and corrosion resistance as well as high biocompatibility. Compared with conventional biomedical Ti-6Al-4V, low modulus alloys are effective to reduce stress shielding, 28 although their optimum modulus, strength, and fatigue resistance remain a big challenge regarding implant durability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone remodeling in a new biomimetic polymer‐composite hip stem

Bougherara

Bureau

Yahia

2009

J Biomedical Materials Res

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Adaptive bone remodeling is an important factor that leads to bone resorption in the surrounding femoral bone and implant loosening. Taking into account this factor in the design of hip implants is of clinical importance, because it allows the prediction of the bone‐density redistribution and enables the monitoring of bone adaptation after prosthetic implantation. In this article, adaptive bone remodeling around a new biomimetic polymer‐composite‐based (CF/PA12) hip prosthesis is investigated to evaluate the amount of stress shielding and bone resorption. The design concept of this new prosthesis is based on a hollow substructure made of hydroxyapatite‐coated, continuous carbon fiber (CF)‐reinforced polyamide 12 (PA12) composite with an internal soft polymer‐based core. Strain energy density theory coupled with 3D Finite Element models is used to predict bone density redistributions in the femoral bone before and after total hip replacement (THR) using both polymer‐composite and titanium (Ti) stems. The result of numerical simulations of bone remodeling revealed that the CF/PA12 composite stem generates a better bone density pattern compared with the Ti‐based stem, indicating the effectiveness of the composite stem to reduce bone resorption caused by stress‐shielding phenomenon. This may result in an extended lifetime of THR. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010

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Fabrication of Ti/polymer biocomposites for load-bearing implant applications

Cited by 18 publications

References 16 publications

Conventional Powder Metallurgy Process and Characterization of Porous Titanium for Biomedical Applications

Conventional Powder Metallurgy Process and Characterization of Porous Titanium for Biomedical Applications

Highly porous titanium scaffolds for orthopaedic applications

Bone remodeling in a new biomimetic polymer‐composite hip stem

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