Fabrication of well-aligned ZnO nanorod photoanodes for perovskite solar cells

Wang, Haiwei; Yan, Luting; Liu, Jiaqi; Li, Jiali; Wang, Huili

doi:10.1007/s10854-016-4640-0

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Hydrothermal growth of ZnO NRs is most commonly used compared to other methodologies like the galvanic cell-based methods [ 136 ], electrochemical methods [ 76 , 139 , 140 ], and magnetron sputtering [ 133 ] because of its flexibility in morphology tuning by adjusting conditions like growth time, growth temperature, precursor concentration, and addition of capping agents in the precursor [ 60 , 62 , 141 ]. In the hydrothermal growth of ZnO NRs, a thin seed layer of ZnO is deposited over the substrate by spin coating, sputtering, or chemical vapor deposition.…”

Section: Classes Of One Dimensional Nanostructures Used As Etls Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-Dimensional Electron Transport Layers for Perovskite Solar Cells

2017

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The electron diffusion length (Ln) is smaller than the hole diffusion length (Lp) in many halide perovskite semiconductors meaning that the use of ordered one-dimensional (1D) structures such as nanowires (NWs) and nanotubes (NTs) as electron transport layers (ETLs) is a promising method of achieving high performance halide perovskite solar cells (HPSCs). ETLs consisting of oriented and aligned NWs and NTs offer the potential not merely for improved directional charge transport but also for the enhanced absorption of incoming light and thermodynamically efficient management of photogenerated carrier populations. The ordered architecture of NW/NT arrays affords superior infiltration of a deposited material making them ideal for use in HPSCs. Photoconversion efficiencies (PCEs) as high as 18% have been demonstrated for HPSCs using 1D ETLs. Despite the advantages of 1D ETLs, there are still challenges that need to be overcome to achieve even higher PCEs, such as better methods to eliminate or passivate surface traps, improved understanding of the hetero-interface and optimization of the morphology (i.e., length, diameter, and spacing of NWs/NTs). This review introduces the general considerations of ETLs for HPSCs, deposition techniques used, and the current research and challenges in the field of 1D ETLs for perovskite solar cells.

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Section: Classes Of One Dimensional Nanostructures Used As Etls Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-Dimensional Electron Transport Layers for Perovskite Solar Cells

2017

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“…Compared with ZnO, the conducting band minimum (CBM) of AZO is higher, which will promote the electron transport and effectively suppress charge recombination at the ZnO–perovskite interface . AZO has been also used as the electron-transport layer in FTO- and ITO-based PSCs. , However, works on directly employing AZO as transparent electrodes in PSCs have been rarely reported. , Herein, we study the fabrication of high-efficiency PSCs with AZO electrodes (glass/AZO/PC61BM/MAPbI 3– x Cl x /P3HT/Au). A fullerene derivative, [6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) is used as the electron-transport layer to adjust the energy level alignment between the MAPbI 3– x Cl x absorption layer and the AZO electrode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…33,34 However, works on directly employing AZO as transparent electrodes in PSCs have been rarely reported. 35,36 ■ EXPERIMENTAL SECTION Materials and Reagents. Unless otherwise stated, all materials were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich or Aladdin and used as received without any purification.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Efficiency for Perovskite Photovoltaics Based on Aluminum-Doped Zinc Oxide Transparent Electrodes via Surface Modification

Zhou

et al. 2017

J. Phys. Chem. C

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A majority of perovskite solar cells use indium−tin oxide (ITO) or fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) as the transparent electrodes. As a promising transparent electrode material, aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) possesses comparable transmittance and conductivity and is environmentfriendly and low-cost. Herein, we report the fabrication of perovskite solar cells using AZO as the transparent electrodes. A fullerene derivative layer was used to adjust the energy level alignment and to promote electron transport between the CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3−x Cl x absorption layer and the AZO electrode. Power conversion efficiency of 13.07% and open-circuit voltage of 1.02 V have been achieved. Our work demonstrates the potential of fabricating cost-effective solar cells on AZO with mild processing temperatures.

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“…The results are consistent with previous findings, and the efficiency of the devices is comparable to that of the devices having a similar structure in the literature (Table S1). For example, Wang et al in [38] have measured an efficiency of 5.5% for carbon-based PSCs, having ZnO nanorod arrays as an electron transport layer (ETL), while in [39], the maximum efficiency achieved was 3.6%. Higher efficiencies have been achieved only in the case where a hole transport medium and a metal electrode have been used (see Table S1 for a comparison of relevant data).…”

Section: Journal Of Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double-Layered Zirconia Films for Carbon-Based Mesoscopic Perovskite Solar Cells and Photodetectors

Syrrokostas

Leftheriotis

Yannopoulos

2019

Journal of Nanomaterials

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Carbon-based mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and photodetectors were fabricated with the application of double-layered ZrO2 films, consisting of zirconia nanoparticles and microparticles for the first and the second layer, respectively. This assembly exploits the ability of the zirconia microparticles to scatter and hence diffuse the incident light, causing a more efficient illumination of the perovskite layer. As a result, the photocurrent densities produced by a photodetector and a carbon-based PSC were increased by nearly 35% and 28%, respectively, compared to devices assembled using a conventional single zirconia film. Following the increase in the photocurrent, the responsivity of the photodetector and the power conversion efficiency of the PSC were increased analogously, due to the improved light harvesting efficiency of the perovskite layer. Parameters, such as the total thickness, the roughness, and the crystallinity of the films, were examined. Differences in the grain size and in the crystal planes of the perovskite were observed and evaluated. These results demonstrate that a double-layered ZrO2 film can enhance the efficiency of solar cells and photodetectors, enhancing the prospects for their potential commercialization.

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Fabrication of well-aligned ZnO nanorod photoanodes for perovskite solar cells

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

One-Dimensional Electron Transport Layers for Perovskite Solar Cells

One-Dimensional Electron Transport Layers for Perovskite Solar Cells

Increased Efficiency for Perovskite Photovoltaics Based on Aluminum-Doped Zinc Oxide Transparent Electrodes via Surface Modification

Double-Layered Zirconia Films for Carbon-Based Mesoscopic Perovskite Solar Cells and Photodetectors

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