“…The protein-polysaccharide conjugates have an enhanced emulsifying property and emulsion stability towards flocculation, coalescence, and creaming, mainly due to the steric and electrostatic repulsive interactions between oil droplets of the emulsions ( Hu et al, 2022 , Jiang et al, 2023 , Kim and Shin, 2021 ). The polysaccharide moiety in the protein-polysaccharide conjugates provide strong steric and sometimes electrostatic repulsions, and the protein part can be attached to hydrophobic surfaces (i.e., oil droplets) ( Jiang et al, 2023 , Nooshkam and Varidi, 2020a , Yao et al, 2022 , Zhang et al, 2022 ). These characteristics make them excellent polymers for the emulsification and stabilization of unstable bioactive components, as the adsorbed hydrocolloids act as a thickening, gelling, and structuring agent in O/W emulsions ( Nooshkam, Varidi, & Verma, 2020 ).…”