Fabry-Perot laser ultrasonic elastic anisotropy measurements on a moving paper web

Walter, John B.; Telschow, K. L.; Gerhardstein, Joseph Peter; Pufahl, Brian M.; Habeger, C. C; Lafond, Emmanuel; Brodeur, Pierre H.

doi:10.1063/1.1306058

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Telschow et al [33] have measured frequency and angular dependence of A 0 and S 0 modes in two kinds of paper [22], [23]. They used a Fabry-Perot interferometer approach to make single point measurements on stationary as well as moving paper.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Off-axis propagation of ultrasonic guided waves in thin orthotropic layers: theoretical analysis and dynamic holographic imaging measurement

Mukdadi

Datta

Telschow

et al. 2001

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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The elastic properties of many materials in sheet or plate form can be approximated with orthotropic symmetry. In many sheet material manufacturing industries (e.g., the paper industry), manufacturers desire knowledge of certain anisotropic elastic properties in the sheet for handling and quality issues. Ultrasonic wave propagation in plate materials forms a method to determine the anisotropic elastic properties in a nondestructive manner. This work explores exact and approximate analysis methods of ultrasonic guided wave propagation in thin layers, explicitly dealing with orthotropic symmetry and propagation off-axis with respect to the manufacturing direction. Recent advances in full-field ultrasonic imaging methods, based on dynamic holography, allow simultaneous measurement of the plate wave motion in all planar directions within a single image. Results from this laser ultrasonic imaging approach are presented that record the lowest anti-symmetric (flexural) mode wavefront in a single image without scanning. Specific numerical predictions for flexural wave propagation in two distinctly different types of paper are presented and compared with direct imaging measurements. Very good agreement is obtained for the lowest anti-symmetric plate mode using paper properties independently determined by a third party. Complete determination of the elastic modulus tensor for orthotropic layers requires measurement of other modes in addition to the lowest anti-symmetric. Theoretical predictions are presented for other guided wave modes [extensional (S), flexural (A), and shear-horizontal (SH)] in orthotropic plates with emphasis on propagation in all planar directions. It is shown that there are significant changes in the dispersion characterization of these modes at certain frequencies (including off-axis mode coupling) that can be exploited to measure additional in-plane elastic moduli of thin layers. At present, the sensitivity of the imaging measurement approach limits experimental investigation to relatively large amplitudes easily produced by flexural wave motion (> 0:1 nm). Extension of the measurement range and application to other plate wave modes are in progress and shall be reported in future work.

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confidence: 99%

“…The laser ultrasonic technique has been used to measure elastic properties of thin plates [14]- [18] and paper [19]- [21]. Laser ultrasonics offers great potential for implementation in the field and even in situ during the paper-making process [22], [23].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Off-axis propagation of ultrasonic guided waves in thin orthotropic layers: theoretical analysis and dynamic holographic imaging measurement

Mukdadi

Datta

Telschow

et al. 2001

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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“…The ultrasonic wave velocities were also found to be very sensitive to water content and temperature of the paper. Walter et al [2000] have used a Fabry-Perot detector and a tracking mirror to increase the optical efficiency of the detection system. This setup has avoided the ablation of paper material by not using a high intensity laser to generate elastic waves on paper surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior of paper on a high speed conveyor subjected to air jet impingement: a method for estimating bending stiffness

Ramasubramanian

Venditti

Katuri

2007

JOMMS

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Stiffness based sorting of mixed paper waste at high speed is desirable for sorting board, cardstock, and paper from each other for efficient recycling. We propose a quick, non-contact method for measuring the relative stiffness of paper samples moving on a conveyor at high speeds. The method consists of impinging an air jet on a moving paper sample while it is crossing a gap during transfer from one conveyor belt to another. The deflection caused by the impinging air jet can be measured and used to categorize different grades of paper. In this paper, we report results from a simulation of the proposed method using a finite element model. Influence of conveyor speed, sample orientation and nozzle pressure is studied using the model. Results indicate that the stiffness estimation has sufficient resolution to distinguish between board and paper grades at high conveyor speeds.

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“…[9,10,11] Laser ultrasonics offers great potential for implementation in the field and even in situ during the paper making process. [12,13] Paper is inherently anisotropic due to the deliberate aligning of the fibers to provide large strength in the pulling or machine direction (MD). Figure 1 shows the elastic wave speeds as a function of frequency for a paper similar to that used in copy machines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging laser ultrasonics measurement of the elastodynamic properties of paper

Telschow

Deason²

2001 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium. Proceedings. An International Symposium (Cat. No.01CH37263)

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-Many sheet and plate material industries (e.g. paper) desire knowledge of the anisotropic stiffness properties of their material to optimize the manufacturing process. A determination of the anisotropic elastic matrix would be very beneficial for determination of parameters, such as microstructural texture, fiber or grain orientation and stiffness. The propagation of ultrasonic waves in plates is a method for determining the anisotropic elastic properties in a nondestructive manner. Laser ultrasonics offers a noncontacting means to implement these measurements in the workplace by employing pulsed or modulated light to excite symmetric and antisymmetric plate waves concurrent with optical interferometric detection. Measurements can then be performed along the machine and cross directions to obtain parameters that are used empirically for process monitoring.Recently, the INEEL has developed a full-field view laser based ultrasonic imaging method that allows simultaneous measurement of plate wave motion in all planar directions within a single image without scanning. The imaging measurements are based on dynamic holography using photorefractive materials for interferometric detection and are operated at normal video rates. Results from this laser based imaging approach are presented that record Lamb wave mode wavefronts in all planar directions from localized sources in a single image. Specific numerical predictions for flexural wave propagation in distinctly different types of paper accounting fully for orthotropic anisotropy are presented and compared with direct imaging measurements. Very good agreement with theoretical calculations is obtained for the lowest antisymmetric plate mode in all planar directions using paper properties independently determined by others.

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Fabry-Perot laser ultrasonic elastic anisotropy measurements on a moving paper web

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Off-axis propagation of ultrasonic guided waves in thin orthotropic layers: theoretical analysis and dynamic holographic imaging measurement

Off-axis propagation of ultrasonic guided waves in thin orthotropic layers: theoretical analysis and dynamic holographic imaging measurement

Behavior of paper on a high speed conveyor subjected to air jet impingement: a method for estimating bending stiffness

Imaging laser ultrasonics measurement of the elastodynamic properties of paper

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