Face pareidolia is associated with right striatal dysfunction in drug-naïve patients with Parkinson’s disease

Murakami, Hidetomo; Shiraishi, Tomotaka; Umehara, Tadashi; Omoto, Shusaku; Takahashi, Maki; Motegi, Haruhiko; Maku, Takahiro; Sato, Takeo; Takatsu, Hiroki; Komatsu, Teppei; Bono, Keiko; Sakai, Kenichiro; Mitsumura, Hidetaka; Iguchi, Yasuyuki

doi:10.1007/s10072-021-05238-7

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Previous studies with different modality data, such as MRI, Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience 10 frontiersin.org PET, and SPECT, have found reduced activation and metabolism of the ventral visual pathway in patients with VH (Stebbins et al, 2004;Matsui et al, 2006;Meppelink et al, 2009;Park et al, 2013;Firbank et al, 2018). Abnormalities in the fusiform gyrus play an important role in visual illusion (Kanwisher and Yovel, 2006;Murakami et al, 2021), and Liu et al (2014) found significant activation of the right fusiform gyrus when patients experienced pareidolia. The involvement of the temporal lobe in the development of VH has been well characterized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In addition to structural abnormalities in certain brain areas, aberrant functional connections and network interactions also contribute to the development of hallucinations. Only a few articles have been published on imaging studies of MH (Llebaria et al, 2010;10.3389/fnagi.2022.923560 Nishio et al, 2018;Bejr-Kasem et al, 2019Sawczak et al, 2019;Murakami et al, 2021), mostly single-modal studies. However, the human brain is a structurally and functionally complex network, and thus, multimodal MRI studies are more advantageous.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aberrant gray matter volume and functional connectivity in Parkinson’s disease with minor hallucination

Zhong

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Background: Minor hallucination (MH) is the most common psychotic symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD); it can develop into well-structured visual hallucination (VH), suggesting that MH may be a staccato form of wellstructured VH. However, it remains unclear whether the pathogenesis is the same. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the altered gray matter volume (GMV) and functional connectivity (FC) of MH in PD to further understand the complex mechanisms. Materials and methods:We included 67 PD patients who attended the outpatient clinic of Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Brain Hospital and recruited 31 healthy controls (HC). Demographic data and clinical characteristics of all subjects were recorded, and cranial structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and resting-state functional MRI data were acquired. Patients were classified into the PD with MH (PD-MH) group and PD without hallucinations or delusions (PD-NH) group. Voxel-based morphometry was used to analyze the differences in GMV in the structural pattern. Seed-based FC was used to analyze the functional pattern. Gaussian random field correction was used, with voxel level P < 0.001 and cluster level P < 0.05 representing statistically significant differences. Finally, the correlation between FC values and scores on the clinical characteristics assessment scale was analyzed.Results: In the GMV analysis, compared to the PD-NH group, the PD-MH group had reduced GMV in the medial superior frontal gyrus (SFGmed). In the FC analysis, the FC between the SFGmed and the left middle occipital gyrus and right calcarine sulcus decreased in the PD-MH group compared with the PD-NH group, while the FC between SFGmed and the left middle temporal gyrus increased. Correlation analysis revealed that the FC values of the SFGmed and right calcarine sulcus were correlated with the assessment Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience 01 frontiersin.org Zhong et al. 10.3389/fnagi.2022.923560 scores for anxiety and sleep symptoms. The FC values of the SFGmed and left middle occipital gyrus were correlated with assessment scores for rapid eye movement disorder. Conclusion:The aberrant structure and function of the default mode network and visual processing areas seems to facilitate the generation of MH in PD, as the alteration was previously found in well-structured VH, suggesting that the two hallucinations have similar pathophysiological mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aberrant gray matter volume and functional connectivity in Parkinson’s disease with minor hallucination

Zhong

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…Indeed, LEDDs were slightly higher in PD with pareidolia than in PD without pareidolia, but without statistical significance. Pareidolia in drug-naïve PD was, however, shown in one previous study [ 10 ]. Moreover, pareidolias were shown in multivariate analysis to be associated with left parietal hypoperfusion, but not LEDDs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Furthermore, the pathophysiology remains unclear. Recent studies have suggested that pareidolias are associated with hypometabolism in the parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes [ 6 ], decreased cerebral blood flow in the bilateral frontal lobes, left cingulate cortex, and left angular and superior marginal gyri [ 9 ], decreased dopamine transporter uptake in the right striatum [ 10 ], altered frontotemporal connectivity [ 11 ], disturbed interactions between the dorsal and ventral attention networks [ 12 ], and increased normalized clustering coefficient and lower frontal degree centrality examined using electroencephalogram [ 13 ]. However, evidence of its pathophysiology is inadequate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noise Pareidolia Test in Parkinson’s Disease and Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes: A Retrospective Study

Matsumoto,

Koh,

Sakata

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Introduction: Pareidolias, or visual misperceptions, are a non-motor symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD) with unclear pathophysiology. The noise pareidolia test (NPT) is a tool for screening pareidolias. The usefulness of the NPT in differentiating PD from atypical parkinsonian syndromes (APS) is also unknown. Methods: We retrospectively investigated 74 patients with PD and 18 patients with APS who took the NPT. Correlations between the number of pareidolic responses, gray matter volume, and cerebral blood flow were also examined in the patients with PD. Results: The median number of pareidolic responses in patients with PD and patients with APS was 0 (interquartile range (IQR): 0-3) and 0 (IQR: 0-1), respectively, and tended to be higher in patients with PD than in those with APS (p = 0.077). It was significantly higher in patients with PD who had hallucinations (2; IQR: 0-9) (p = 0.016). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the number of pareidolic responses in the NPT was 0.62 when used to differentiate PD and APS, and the optimal cutoff number of pareidolic responses was 2/3. Sensitivity and specificity were 25.7% and 100%, respectively. In the PD group, the number of pareidolic responses was correlated with age (r = 0.27; p = 0.021) and the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) score (r = −0.34; p = 0.0099). Magnetic resonance imaging showed no significant correlation between the number of pareidolic responses and the volume of focal gray matter. On cerebral hypoperfusion mapping, the left parietal lobe had a significant correlation with the number of pareidolic responses (r = 0.35; p = 0.027). Conclusion: The number of pareidolic responses in NPT was suggested to be useful as a red flag to rule out APS in differentiating PD from APS. In PD without dementia, the number of pareidolic responses was associated with reduced blood flow in the left parietal lobe.

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“…They concluded that posterior cortical dysfunction could be a common neural mechanism of pareidolia, and that pareidolia could represent subclinical hallucinations or a predisposition to visual hallucinations. Murakami and colleagues ( 22 ), using SPECT in drug-naive PD patients, showed that the perception of face pareidolia is associated with significantly lower uptake of l-ioflupane in the right striatum in patients with than without pareidolia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Face Perception and Pareidolia Production in Patients With Parkinson's Disease

et al. 2021

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In Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, visual misperceptions are a major problem within the non-motor symptoms. Pareidolia, i.e., the tendency to perceive a specific, meaningful image in an ambiguous visual pattern, is a phenomenon that occurs also in healthy subjects. Literature suggests that the perception of face pareidolia may be increased in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. We aimed to examine, within the same experiment, face perception and the production of face pareidolia in PD patients and healthy controls (HC). Thirty participants (15 PD patients and 15 HC) were presented with 47 naturalistic photographs in which faces were embedded or not. The likelihood to perceive the embedded faces was modified by manipulating their transparency. Participants were asked to decide for each photograph whether a face was embedded or not. We found that PD patients were significantly less likely to recognize embedded faces than controls. However, PD patients also perceived faces significantly more often in locations where none were actually present than controls. Linear regression analyses showed that gender, age, hallucinations, and Multiple-Choice Vocabulary Intelligence Test (MWT) score were significant predictors of face pareidolia production in PD patients. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was a significant predictor for pareidolia production in PD patients in trials in which a face was embedded in another region [F(1, 13) = 24.4, p = <0.001]. We conclude that our new embedded faces paradigm is a useful tool to distinguish face perception performance between HC and PD patients. Furthermore, we speculate that our results observed in PD patients rely on disturbed interactions between the Dorsal (DAN) and Ventral Attention Networks (VAN). In photographs in which a face is present, the VAN may detect this as a behaviourally relevant stimulus. However, due to the deficient communication with the DAN in PD patients, the DAN would not direct attention to the correct location, identifying a face at a location where actually none is present.

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Face pareidolia is associated with right striatal dysfunction in drug-naïve patients with Parkinson’s disease

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

Aberrant gray matter volume and functional connectivity in Parkinson’s disease with minor hallucination

Aberrant gray matter volume and functional connectivity in Parkinson’s disease with minor hallucination

Noise Pareidolia Test in Parkinson’s Disease and Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes: A Retrospective Study

Face Perception and Pareidolia Production in Patients With Parkinson's Disease

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