Facework in Syria and the United States: A cross-cultural comparison

Merkin, Rebecca S.; Ramadan, Reem

doi:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2010.05.006

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Instead, the use of self-defeating humor may be a strategy for minimizing one's perceived weaknesses, failures, and low self-esteem in order to avoid losing one's face. Since the first rule when communicating with people from the Arab world is not to let them lose face (Merkin & Ramadan, 2010), Arabians also value face. The findings on the relationships between facework and humor styles with a sample of Chinese university students in the present study are likely to be generalized to the Armenian and Lebanese contexts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sense of Humor in China: The Role of Individualism, Collectivism, and Facework

Chen

Watkins

Martin

2013

PSYCHOLOGIA -An International Journal of Psychological Sciences

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This paper aims to investigate the role of emic cultural values and facework in sense of humor for the first time in Asia. Specifically it explores the relationships between humor styles, individualism, collectivism, and facework in mainland China. Measures of these constructs were administered to 148 female and 124 male Chinese university students (mean age 20.92 years, SD = 1.73). Results showed that uses of humor were generally related to dimensions of cultural values and facework. Specifically, the two potentially beneficial humor styles (affiliative and selfenhancing humor) were positively related to horizontal collectivism and saving other-face. The two presumably detrimental humor styles (aggressive and selfdefeating humor) were positively related to saving self-face. Cultural values and facework together could explain an average of 11.25% of the total variances for the four humor styles. Correlations between cultural values and humor styles in the present study were compared with those of previous research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sense of Humor in China: The Role of Individualism, Collectivism, and Facework

Chen

Watkins

Martin

2013

PSYCHOLOGIA -An International Journal of Psychological Sciences

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“…On the other hand, in low-power-distant and individualistic cultures, direct communication is preferred even if it threatens the relationship (Merkin and Ramadan 2010). Thus, the following hypothesis is posed:…”

Section: Sexual Harassmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of sexual harassment on job satisfaction, turnover intentions, and absenteeism: findings from Pakistan compared to the United States

Merkin

Shah

2014

SpringerPlus

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The purpose of this study was to compare and contrast how differences in perceptions of sexual harassment impact productive work environments for employees in Pakistan as compared to the US; in particular, how it affects job satisfaction, turnover, and/or absenteeism. This study analyzed employee responses in Pakistan (n = 146) and the United States (n = 102, 76) using questionnaire data. Significant results indicated that employees who were sexually harassed reported (a) a decrease in job satisfaction (b) greater turnover intentions and (c) a higher rate of absenteeism. Cross-cultural comparisons indicated that (a) Pakistani employees who were sexually harassed had greater job dissatisfaction and higher overall absenteeism than did their US counterparts and (b) Pakistani women were more likely to use indirect strategies to manage sexual harassment than were US targets.

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“…Gender offers a unique social group for consideration as this categorization is one of the most inescapable and salient social categorizations (Williams, 1984, Gelade, Dobson, & Auer, 2008Goffman, 1977;Merkin & Ramadan, 2010;Stockard & Johnson, 1979) and reflects an institutionalized power structure where masculinity or manhood is considered superior to other groups (Gelade, Dobson, & Auer, 2008;Merkin & Ramadan, 2010). Precarious manhood (Vandello, Bosson, Cohen, Burnaford, & Weaver 2008), an extension of social identity theory as it relates to masculinity, suggests that manhood is a tenuous group status that, in comparison to womanhood, is viewed as an achieved status rather than a biological event.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beer for “brohood”: A laboratory simulation of masculinity confirmation through alcohol use behaviors in men.

Fugitt

Ham

2018

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors

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Though alcohol use is a widespread behavior, men tend to drink more and experience more alcohol-related negative consequences than do women. Research suggests that individuals are motivated to maintain ingroup status by engaging in behaviors prototypical of the ingroup when group status has been threatened, and that men are particularly likely to do this when masculine ingroup status is threatened. The present study investigated masculine drinking behaviors through a social lens, examining the impact of masculinity threat on alcohol consumption in a simulated bar laboratory. Sixty-five male students ages 21-29 years (Mage = 22.66; 74% White) consumed beer in a taste-test paradigm after being exposed to randomly assigned personality feedback relative to gender standards. This feedback suggested that they were either low in masculinity (threat condition, n = 22) or high in masculinity (control condition, n = 22). A third condition received the low-masculinity feedback and then were exposed to information to undermine masculine alcohol use norms (undermine condition, n = 21) to account for negative affect reduction motives for use. As hypothesized, individuals in the threat condition consumed significantly more alcohol than those in the control and undermine conditions, even though the threat and undermine conditions reported similar levels of negative affect following masculinity threat. These results suggest that consumption of alcohol by men in social contexts may be strongly motivated by the desire to confirm masculine status. This understanding may be used to enhance the effectiveness of alcohol use intervention protocols. (PsycINFO Database Record

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Facework in Syria and the United States: A cross-cultural comparison

Cited by 23 publications

References 53 publications

Sense of Humor in China: The Role of Individualism, Collectivism, and Facework

Sense of Humor in China: The Role of Individualism, Collectivism, and Facework

The impact of sexual harassment on job satisfaction, turnover intentions, and absenteeism: findings from Pakistan compared to the United States

Beer for “brohood”: A laboratory simulation of masculinity confirmation through alcohol use behaviors in men.

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