Facial Nerve Grading Systems (1985–2002): Beyond the House-Brackmann Scale

Abstract

OBJECTIVE To assess methods of evaluating the function of the facial nerve that have been introduced over the past 15 years, particularly in comparison with the House-Brackmann scale. DATA SOURCES A Medline search was undertaken of the English-language medical literature between 1983 and 2000 to identify proposed methods of evaluating facial nerve function. STUDY SELECTION Although all grading systems were considered, attention was focused on the systems that provided improvements in either precision or ease of use. CONCLUSIONS Because of the limitations and subjectivity of the House-Brackmann scale, several new scales of various degrees of objectivity and ease of use have been introduced. The Nottingham system offers a more objective but easy-to-use facial nerve grading system that has been demonstrated to be valid and that would be easy for the average practitioner to adopt. The authors propose a more systematic evaluation of this system to determine whether its widespread application is appropriate.

Effects of Thread Embedding Therapy on Complete Facial Palsy

“…In order to the general characteristics of patients and the effect of Embedding therapy, we investi- Yanagihara's score 15) of five rating before and after Embedding therapy, 6) House-Brackmann scale 16) before and after Embedding therapy, 7) Treatment results (Yanagihara's score change, House-Brackmann score change, patients satisfaction)…”

A Review Study and Proposal of Facial Palsy Sequelae Evaluating Scale

“…14) , 안면마비 grade의 차이에 따른 안면신경의 손상 정도를 구분할 수 없으며 13) , 안면의 부위별 기능 상태가 다 르게 나타났을 때 grade 판정을 하는 데에 기준을 정확하 게 적용하기 어려운 경우가 있다. 또한, 평가자의 주관이 개입되어 평가자 간의 신뢰도가 보장되지 않으며, 안면마 비 후유증 환자의 평가에서 단순한 grade 차이로 평가하기 에는 평가지표가 모호하다 13) . ② Yanagihara scale 1976년에 발표된 평가자가 수행하는 regional scale 15) 로, 안면마비 후유증 평가를 고려하지 않고 안면 기능의 10가 지 동작을 0부터 4까지 혹은 0부터 2까지 동일하게 등급화 한 평가법이다.…”

“…14) , 안면신경 재생 전후의 안면신경 기능을 비교 평 가할 수 있다는 장점이 있으나 13) , 연합운동 이외에 다른 후 유증에 대한 평가 항목이 포함되어 있지 않고, 평가자의 주 관적 scale로 평가자 간의 신뢰도가 보장되지 않는다는 단 점이 있다. .…”

Hearing and facial function outcomes for neurofibromatosis 2 clinical trials

“…11 Other scales, such as Burres-Fisch, Nottingham, Sunnybrook, and Yanagihara, have also been used to grade facial function. 12 METHODS The Response Evaluation in Neurofibromatosis and Schwannomatosis (REiNS) functional outcomes group was formed to address the lack of consensus about appropriate functional endpoints to use in NF clinical trials. The functional outcomes group has 10-15 active participants that meet monthly for teleconferences and present recommendations biannually to the full REiNS International Collaboration group.…”