Facial spinulosis caused byDemodex folliculorum: diagnostic assessment by means of reflectance confocal microscopy

Pampín, A.; Muruzábal, Uxúa Floristán; Gamo, R. Scott; Ascanio, M. L.; López-Estebaranz, J.L.

doi:10.1111/ced.13060

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM; also called confocal laser scanning microscopy) is an imaging technique that has emerged in recent years which demonstrates utility in diagnosing and monitoring rosacea [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Under RCM, Demodex appears as small, round bodies with a hyperreflective contour in the horizontal section [26].…”

Section: Reflectance Confocal Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for the Clinical Association between Demodex and Rosacea: A Review

Wei,

Li,

Kong

et al. 2023

Dermatology

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Background: Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory dermatological condition in humans, and its pathogenesis remains unclear. However, the development of rosacea is suspected to be related to Demodex, a microscopic commensal organism that resides in or near hair follicles and sebaceous glands. Although Demodex is known to be a host-specific, obligate commensal organism, it is currently difficult to be cultured in vitro to parasitize and infect other animal hosts. Therefore, direct evidence for a pathogenic role of Demodex in rosacea is currently lacking. Summary: As circumstantial evidence, non-invasive skin-detecting techniques have shown abnormally elevated numbers of Demodex in rosacea patients. Increased cytokine levels such as IL-10, IL-8, and IL-12p70 have been observed in human sebocytes following Demodex challenge, and acaricides have been found to be effective in rosacea therapy, all point to a close relationship between Demodex and rosacea. Based on these findings, we conducted a comprehensive literature review to summarize the current state of knowledge, research insights, and clinical treatment recommendations for Demodex-associated rosacea, with the ultimate goal of improving patient outcomes. Key Messages: Rosacea appears to have a close bond with Demodex. Recent studies have implicated that Demodex mites are involved in the development of rosacea. Based on a comprehensive review of the current literature, we have cited substantial evidence supporting this relationship, proposed a possible vicious cycle between Demodex and rosacea, and illustrated the changes in immune responses during this process. In addition, we recommend that patients with both rosacea and Demodex infection be treated early with a combination of topical ivermectin and topical Th1 inhibitors to improve treatment outcomes.

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Section: Reflectance Confocal Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for the Clinical Association between Demodex and Rosacea: A Review

Wei,

Li,

Kong

et al. 2023

Dermatology

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Parasitic Infections of the Skin and Subcutaneous Tissues

Norgan¹,

Pritt

2018

Advances in Anatomic Pathology

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A variety of arthropods, protozoa, and helminths infect the skin and subcutaneous tissues and may be identified by anatomic pathologists in standard cytology and histology preparations. The specific organisms seen vary greatly with the patient's exposure history, including travel to or residence in endemic countries. Arthropods are the most commonly encountered parasites in the skin and subcutaneous tissues and include Sarcoptes scabei, Demodex species, Tunga penetrans, and myiasis-causing fly larvae. Protozoal parasites such as Leishmania may also be common in some settings. Helminths are less often seen, and include round worms (eg, Dirofilaria spp.), tapeworms (eg, Taenia solium, Spirometra spp.), and flukes (eg, Schistosoma spp.). This review covers the epidemiologic and histopathologic features of common parasitic infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissues.

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Facial spinulosis caused byDemodex folliculorum: diagnostic assessment by means of reflectance confocal microscopy

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Evidence for the Clinical Association between <i>Demodex</i> and Rosacea: A Review

Evidence for the Clinical Association between <i>Demodex</i> and Rosacea: A Review

Parasitic Infections of the Skin and Subcutaneous Tissues

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