Facies analysis, diagenesis and sequence stratigraphy of the carbonate-evaporite succession of the Upper Jurassic Surmeh Formation: Impacts on reservoir quality (Salman Oil Field, Persian Gulf, Iran)

Beigi, Maryam; Jafarian, Arman; Javanbakht, Maryam; Wanas, H.A.; Mattern, Frank; Tabatabaei, Amin

doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2017.01.005

Cited by 53 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The early dolomitization produced fine‐crystalline (up to 50 μ), unzoned dolomite rhombs that are scattered in the micritic matrix of the dolomitic lime mudstone lithofacies. The fine crystal size, lack of normal marine fossils, and the presence of evaporites (i.e., gypsum; Figure c,d) indicate that these dolomites originated by the dolomitization of lime mud in supratidal–intertidal settings during the early stages of diagenesis (e.g., Beigi et al, ; Wanas, ). The late dolomitization of the fine‐grained dolomites resulted in the formation of coarse‐crystalline dolomites (dolosparite).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It designates the late diagenetic dolomitization of the antecedent dolomicrite in a mixing meteoricmarine water diagenetic environment (Beigi et al, 2017).…”

Section: Replacive Silicamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The early dolomitization produced fine-crystalline (up to 50 μ), unzoned dolomite rhombs that are scattered in the micritic matrix of the dolomitic lime mudstone lithofacies. The fine crystal size, lack of normal marine fossils, and the presence of evaporites (i.e., gypsum; Figure 6c,d) indicate that these dolomites originated by the dolomitization of lime mud in supratidal-intertidal settings during the early stages of diagenesis (e.g., Beigi et al, 2017;Wanas, 2008). in the microquartz matrix, which corroborates that the chertification process resulted in the replacement of the lime mud matrix by microquartz at a rate much faster than that of dolomite (Figure 12a; e.g., Lawrence, 1993;Raviolo et al, 2009;Whittle & Alsharhan, 1994); and (d) corrosion of dolomites by quartz, which indicates that these dolomites originated prior to chertification (Figure 10h; e.g., Genedi, 1998).…”

Section: Timing Of Chertificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Origin of chert within the Turonian carbonates of Abu Roash Formation, Abu Roash area, Egypt: Field, petrographic, and geochemical perspectives

Hussein

El‐Rahman

2019

Geological Journal

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This paper tries to elucidate the origin of the siliceous rocks (cherts) within the Turonian flint‐bearing chalky limestone member of Abu Roash Formation, Abu Roash area, north Western Desert, Egypt. Understanding the formation mechanism of the studied chert was gained through field and petrographic investigations, supplemented by geochemical analyses of both cherts and host Turonian carbonates. The field observations reveal that the chert is found in two forms: banded and nodular. The microscopic investigation determined that the cherts exhibit two types of silica: replacive silica (cryptocrystalline and microcrystalline quartz) and silica cement (length‐fast chalcedony and megaquartz). The chert texture corroborates that the examined authigenic silica was formed diagenetically by the replacement and void‐filling of the host carbonate rocks. The silica was most likely derived from the biogenic opal‐A of the siliceous radiolarian tests. The silica‐phase transformation started with the dissolution of the biogenic opal‐A and precipitation of opal‐CT. Subsequently, opal‐CT was recrystallized into crypto‐ and microquartz at low pH and high temperature. The length‐fast chalcedony and megaquartz occur later as infill to the cavities and pore spaces. The formation of chert is interpreted to be a result of mixing marine–meteoric waters. The effect of the freshwater diagenesis on carbonates is manifested by the dissolution of the allochems, precipitation of granular, drusy, and blocky calcite (meteoric cements), aggrading neomorphism of matrix, and calcitization of the skeletal particles. Geochemical analyses of the host carbonates indicate nearly flat REE patterns and absence of a negative Ce anomaly. This confirms the deviation from the typical seawater and supports the effect of phreatic meteoric water in the chert formation. The paragenetic relationships reveal that the chertification process was performed after dolomitization and before the carbonate meteoric cementation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It designates the late diagenetic dolomitization of the antecedent dolomicrite in a mixing meteoricmarine water diagenetic environment (Beigi et al, 2017).…”

Section: Replacive Silicamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Timing Of Chertificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Origin of chert within the Turonian carbonates of Abu Roash Formation, Abu Roash area, Egypt: Field, petrographic, and geochemical perspectives

Hussein

El‐Rahman

2019

Geological Journal

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“…Accordingly, the well-known carbonateevaporite of Arab succession is an important hydrocarbon reservoir in the Middle East (Bates 1973;Alsharhan and Nairn 1997;Marchionda et al 2018). Reservoir quality of the Arab Formation has been studied in various parts of the Arabian Plate (e.g., Clark et al 2004;Nader et al 2013;Daraei et al 2014;Beigi et al 2017;Assadi et al 2018;Sfidari et al 2018;Sharifi-Yazdi et al 2019). While these studies mainly focused on the impact of sedimentological and diagenetic factors on the reservoir quality, few studies emphasized on untying the reservoir heterogeneity by petrophysical rock typing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagenetic impacts on hydraulic flow unit properties: insight from the Jurassic carbonate Upper Arab Formation in the Persian Gulf

Sharifi-Yazdi

Rahimpour‐Bonab

Nazemi

et al. 2020

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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The Upper Arab reservoir in the central Persian Gulf was examined for depositional, diagenetic, sequence stratigraphic and petrophysical features. This succession is composed of eight sedimentary facies that deposited on a carbonate ramp. Three-third-order sequences prograded across the Late Jurassic Arab Platform. This interval was complicated by multiple diagenetic phases including eogenesis and mesogenesis that strongly influenced reservoir properties. Dolomitization, dissolution, cementation and compaction are major diagenetic processes which played an essential role in increasing or decreasing reservoir quality. Four hydraulic flow units (HFU) were determined by flow zone indicator approach for evaluation of the reservoir quality. In addition to depositional features, diagenetic alterations have changed general HFUs characterizations such as porosity, permeability and pore-throat size. Likewise, via Lucia classification, HFUs of the Arab reservoir were grouped based on the integration of geological and petrophysical attributes in detail. Among diagenetic processes, dolomitization and dissolution have positive effects while cementation and stylolitization have a negative effect on HFUs characteristics in the studied reservoir. Put another way, since diagenetic alterations lead to the intensification of heterogeneity in carbonate reservoir, prediction of the relationship between pore type and pore throat size is a problematic issue. Recognition of the hydraulic flow units considered as a practical tool for grouping reservoir rocks and characterizing heterogeneity using porosity and permeability relationship. Finally, specifying of the contribution of various diagenetic imprints in each hydraulic flow unit in a sequence stratigraphic framework results in a conceptual reservoir model that could predict reservoir quality variations across the field.

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“…However, carbonate reservoirs are in most cases inherently heterogeneous (e.g., Heasley, Worden, & Hendry, 2000;Hollis et al, 2010;Makhloufi et al, 2013;Matonti et al, 2015;Wang & Al-Aasm, 2002). Marine carbonate reservoir quality is affected by initial depositional patterns and subsequent diagenetic alterations (e.g., Amel, Jafarian, Husinec, Koeshidayatullah, & Swennen, 2015;Beigi et al, 2017;Vincent, Emmanuel, Houel, & Loreau, 2007). In many cases, the diagenesis, referring to any physical or chemical changes in sediments or sedimentary rocks that occur after deposition (Scholle & Ulmer-Scholle, 2003), is the main factor controlling carbonate reservoir quality and may play both a constructive and a destructive role (e.g., Heasley et al, 2000;Moore, 2001;Taghavi, Mork, & Emadi, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seepage reflux dolomitization and telogenetic karstification in Majiagou Formation in the Ordos Basin, China

et al. 2018

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This study investigates the characteristics of the heterogeneous carbonate reservoir of Majiagou Formation in Jingxi area, Ordos Basin, China, to explain the diagenetic control and distribution of high‐quality reservoir intervals. The carbonates of the study area mainly consist of silt‐sized crystalline dolomite, microcrystalline dolomite, and microcrystalline limey dolomite. Both dolomite content and dolomite size gradually decrease both from top to bottom and from slope to basin. Intercrystalline pores exist in the silt‐sized crystalline dolomite, and vuggy pores and fractures mainly developed in microcrystalline (limey) dolomite. Furthermore, typical geopetal infills and three stages of calcite cements could be differentiated. Based on petrographical and geochemical analysis, the reservoir is dominantly controlled by seepage reflux dolomitization and telogenetic karstification. Four reservoir evolutions could be differentiated. The reservoir in the first model is dominated by intercrystal porosity occurring in silt‐sized crystalline dolostone. It experienced strong dolomitization, telogenetic karstification, and shallow as well as deep burial cementation. The reservoir in the second model consists of only a small amount of high‐angle dissolution fissures and vertical dissolution cavities in microcrystalline (limey) dolostone. It experienced relatively weak dolomitization, strong telogenetic karstification, and two important calcite cementation events. The reservoir in the third model is marked by many vuggy pores and dissolution fractures, occurring in microcrystalline (limey) dolostone. The strata experienced relatively weak dolomitization, strong telogenetic karstification, and two weak calcite cementation episodes. The reservoir in the fourth model is dominated by fractures and their related dissolution pores, which developed in microcrystalline (limey) dolostone. These dolostones experienced relatively weak dolomitization, telogenetic karstification, and calcite cementation. From a reservoir point of view, the reservoirs represented by the first and third models, which respectively are composed of silt‐sized crystalline dolomite occurring in the top of the whole dolostone succession and the dolomite affected by telogenetic karstification, are the most vital exploration targets.

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Facies analysis, diagenesis and sequence stratigraphy of the carbonate-evaporite succession of the Upper Jurassic Surmeh Formation: Impacts on reservoir quality (Salman Oil Field, Persian Gulf, Iran)

Cited by 53 publications

References 41 publications

Origin of chert within the Turonian carbonates of Abu Roash Formation, Abu Roash area, Egypt: Field, petrographic, and geochemical perspectives

Origin of chert within the Turonian carbonates of Abu Roash Formation, Abu Roash area, Egypt: Field, petrographic, and geochemical perspectives

Diagenetic impacts on hydraulic flow unit properties: insight from the Jurassic carbonate Upper Arab Formation in the Persian Gulf

Seepage reflux dolomitization and telogenetic karstification in Majiagou Formation in the Ordos Basin, China

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