Facies architecture of heterolithic tidal deposits: the Holocene Holland Tidal Basin

Donselaar, M.E.; Geel, C.R.

doi:10.1017/s001677460002360x

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The model was established through the analysis and correlation of closely-spaced Cone Penetration Tests (CPT) and lacquer peels of undisturbed cores in an 11 by 14 km area (Donselaar & Geel, 2007). The size and shape data, directional trends and spatial relationships of the sedimentary facies types in the tidal basin were used to build an object-based stochastic reservoir model for the tidal basin fill in a smaller, 5 by 6 km area of the basin (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tidal estuary deposits formed during the Holocene glacioeustatic sea-level rise by flooding of a westward-draining incised fluvial valley in the west of the Netherlands (Van der Spek, 1994;Beets & Van der Spek, 2000;Beets et al, 2002;Donselaar & Geel, 2007). Triggered by the high initial rate of Holocene sea-level rise (around 1 cm/yr) the basin gradually expanded and reached its largest extension of 2800 km 2 around 5500 BP (Fig.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tidal estuarine Beemster Deposits comprises four lithofacies associations: (1) tidal channel sand, (2) sand-dominated heterolithic inter-tidal flat, (3) mud-dominated heterolithic inter-channel, and (4) fresh-water peat (Donselaar & Geel, 2007). The tidal channels built an intricate network of juxtaposed and vertically stacked sand bodies embedded in muddominated sub-tidal heterolithic and clay sediment ( sand bodies as sheet-shaped wings.…”

Section: Facies Architecture Of the Beemster Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The geological setting of the basin is well known from numerous publications (De Mulder & Bosch, 1982;Westerhoff et al, 1987;Van der Spek, 1994;Beets et al, 1996;Beets & Van der Spek, 2000;Beets et al, 2002). The data density allowed for the construction of a highly data-constrained facies architecture model that comprises size and shape data, directional trends and spatial relationships of the lithofacies associations (i.e., the building blocks of the model) that make up the tidal estuarine deposits (Donselaar & Geel, 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reservoir modelling of heterolithic tidal deposits: sensitivity analysis of an object-based stochastic model

Geel

Donselaar

2007

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

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Tidal estuarine basins show a highly heterogeneous distribution of sand and mud sediment. Sand is concentrated by highenergy currents in tidal channels and creeks. Dissipation of tidal energy along the branching channel network and onto adjacent tidal flats causes settling of mud out of suspension. Also, the fine-grained sediment settles on sand during low current-energy slackwater periods in a tidal cycle. Factors such as basin morphology, strength and dissipation pattern of the tidal currents, and vegetation further condition the distribution of sand and mud. This results in a complex spatial distribution of lithofacies which is difficult to model and predict.Adequate modelling of the spatial arrangement of the sandprone parts is especially relevant in hydrocarbon reservoirs in this sedimentary environment, such as, e.g., the Tilje Formation (Pliensbachian, Early Jurassic) reservoirs in the Haltenbanken area offshore mid-Norway (Dreyer, 1992;Donselaar & Geel, 2003;Martinius et al., 2005), the Cook Formation (Early Jurassic) in the Oseberg Field, northern North Sea, offshore Norway (Donselaar et al., 2006), and The Lower Graben Formation (Late Jurassic) in the F3-FB Field, offshore the Netherlands (Wong, 2007). Well spacing is usually too large to capture all spatial sediment heterogeneity and to construct a unique, deterministic reservoir model. Instead, object-based stochastic modelling techniques are applied to to generate multiple realisations of the spatial distribution to assess the uncertainty in sand-distribution and connectivity (Dubrule & Damsleth, 2001 AbstractObject-based stochastic modelling techniques are routinely employed to generate multiple realisations of the spatial distribution of sediment properties in settings where data density is insufficient to construct a unique deterministic facies architecture model. Challenge is to limit the wide range of possible outcomes of the stochastic model. Ideally, this is done by direct validation with the 'real-world' sediment distribution. In a reservoir setting this is impossible because of the limited data density in the wide-spaced wells. In this paper this uncertainty is overcome by using size, shape and facies distributions of tidal channel and tidal flat sand bodies in a highly data-constrained lithofacies architecture model as input for the object-based stochastic model. The lithofacies architecture model was constructed from a densely perforated (Cone Penetration Tests and cored boreholes) tidal estuarine succession of the Holocene Holland Tidal Basin in the Netherlands. The sensitivity of the stochastic model to the input parameters was analysed with the use of varying tidal channel width and thickness values and calculating the connected sand volume per well for the different scenarios. The results indicated that for a small well drainage radius the difference in drainable volumes between the narrowest and the widest channel scenarios is large, and that for a large well drainage radius the tidal channel width hardly influenced the drainable vo...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Facies Architecture Of the Beemster Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reservoir modelling of heterolithic tidal deposits: sensitivity analysis of an object-based stochastic model

Geel

Donselaar

2007

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

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“…Away from the channel the tidal energy dissipates and heterolithic sedimentation takes place. The heterolithic succession reflects the cyclic change of current velocity and direction in the tidal channel, caused by the changing volume of water during tidal pumping (Donselaar & Geel, 2007). As the water moves in and out of the confined basin with each tidal cycle a regular change occurs of periods when: (a) the tidal current velocity exceeds the threshold velocity for sand transport, and (b) the current velocity falls below the threshold velocity for the settling of mud out of suspension (Allen, 1982;Nio et al, 1983;Nio & Yang, 1991).…”

Section: Sedimentology Of the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing different shallow geophysical methods in a tidal estuary, Verdronken Land van Saeftinge, Western Scheldt, the Netherlands

Missiaen

Slob

Donselaar

2008

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

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In order to validate existing models of sedimentation in active sedimentary environments, detailed stratigraphic information is indispensable. Near-surface geophysical methods provide a means to acquire high-resolution images of the stratigraphic succession in the shallow subsurface. Land-based and marine methods have been tested in the Verdronken Land van Saeftinge. This intertidal flat area is cut by numerous tidal gullies, and high tidal amplitudes enable the application of different techniques at various water levels. Data acquisition focused on the upper 10 – 20 m of the active sediment bodies. Applied techniques include high-resolution seismic acquisition, geo-electrical methods (DC resistivity), electromagnetic techniques, CPT, and manual drilling. In general the acoustic methods allowed more reliable and detailed interpretation of the sedimentary structures than the electric/electromagnetic methods. The latter suffered from the effect of tidal action and salt-water intrusion, and their application on land proved very strenuous. CPT and shallow cores provided valuable ground-truth information. The results clearly indicate that no single technique can provide all the answers. Only an integrated use of (complementary) methods will allow getting a better grip on the sedimentary architecture and preservation potential in active estuarine sedimentary environments.

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The depositional record of the French Flemish Coastal plain since antiquity: Impacts of land reclamation in a tide‐dominated estuary

Ouchaou,

Reynaud,

Besse

et al. 2024

The Depositional Record

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The French Flemish Coastal Plain, which extends from Denmark to France, is characterised by a topography close to sea level and protected by a system of coastal dunes. Quaternary sediments, comprised of marine, estuarine and continental deposits, accumulated by infilling and then prograding above a network of incised valleys. This study focusses on the Holocene infill of the Denna palaeoestuary, south‐west to Dunkerque. Surface geophysics (electrical conductivity and ground‐penetrating radar) and vibrocore data are used to reconstruct the landscape evolution during the last stages of sedimentation. The conductivity map highlights the last network of tidal channels, ditches and dikes of the eastern side of the palaeoestuary. Over the upper 4 m of the infill, the ground‐penetrating radar profiles show two superimposed units. The bottom unit is composed of meandering channel bars and the top unit of flat strata intersected by sparse channels, mostly infilled in place. The sediment analysis of the vibrocores shows a predominantly sandy filling of marine to estuarine origin, evidenced by sponge spicules and a fauna of bivalves and foraminifera adapted to brackish settings. The uppermost deposit exhibits an oxidation profile which marks the groundwater zone transition. Clayey sediments are also present, infilling the uppermost channels and ditches dug during reclamation, in increasing proportions towards the axis of the estuarine palaeovalley. The tidal signature of sedimentary dynamics is evidenced by heterolithic facies in some channel fills and tidal rhythmites infilling scour depressions linked to dike breaching. The abrupt decrease in channel dynamics across the unit boundary, although sedimentation remained sandy in the upper unit, coincides with the development of embankment of the estuarine border and is tentatively interpreted as a result of reclamation.

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Facies architecture of heterolithic tidal deposits: the Holocene Holland Tidal Basin

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

Reservoir modelling of heterolithic tidal deposits: sensitivity analysis of an object-based stochastic model

Reservoir modelling of heterolithic tidal deposits: sensitivity analysis of an object-based stochastic model

Comparing different shallow geophysical methods in a tidal estuary, Verdronken Land van Saeftinge, Western Scheldt, the Netherlands

The depositional record of the French Flemish Coastal plain since antiquity: Impacts of land reclamation in a tide‐dominated estuary

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