Facile adsorptive removal of dyes and heavy metals from wastewaters using magnetic nanocomposite of zinc ferrite@reduced graphene oxide

Recent progress in semiconductor/graphene photocatalysts: synthesis, photocatalytic applications, and challenges

“…[9][10][11] Effluents resulting from the textile and dyeing industries process usually contain mixtures of dyes, metal ions, and other pollutants, as well as to its elevated levels of biochemical oxygen demand, pH, suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, salts, and colors. 6 The discharge of these pollutants into bodies of water without proper treatment can have serious consequences, such as toxicity to mammals, sh, and aquatic microorganisms, and can even obstruct the photosynthesis of aquatic plants, resulting in the destruction of the aquatic ecosystem. 12,13 As a result, innovative, cost-effective, recyclable, and environmentally friendly approaches are required to eliminate these dangerous threats.…”

“…3–5 An appreciable fraction of dyes contain known carcinogenic moieties such as naphthalene, benzidine, or quinonoid structures. 6,7 Various types of dyes are available commercially, and they are used in various industrial dyeing processes, e.g. , in rubber, textile, paper, paint, printing, plastic, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, food, and leather sectors.…”

“…[3][4][5] An appreciable fraction of dyes contain known carcinogenic moieties such as naphthalene, benzidine, or quinonoid structures. 6,7 Various types of dyes are available commercially, and they are used in various industrial dyeing processes, e.g., in rubber, textile, paper, paint, printing, plastic, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, food, and leather sectors. 6,8 The world consumes over 800 000 tons of organic dyes annually, where approximately 20% of the total dyes production is wasted during various industrial dying processes.…”

“…6,7 Various types of dyes are available commercially, and they are used in various industrial dyeing processes, e.g., in rubber, textile, paper, paint, printing, plastic, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, food, and leather sectors. 6,8 The world consumes over 800 000 tons of organic dyes annually, where approximately 20% of the total dyes production is wasted during various industrial dying processes. [9][10][11] Effluents resulting from the textile and dyeing industries process usually contain mixtures of dyes, metal ions, and other pollutants, as well as to its elevated levels of biochemical oxygen demand, pH, suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, salts, and colors.…”

“…Several approaches have been widely employed in industrial sectors to eliminate organic pollutants, and heavy metals from real wastewater; e.g., reverse osmosis, ion exchange, coagulation-occulation, ultraltration, electrodialysis, adsorption, chemical precipitation, and solvent extraction. 6,14,15 Due to the renewability of solar light, sustainability, and the global energy crisis, photocatalytic process has emerged as a desirable green solution to deal with the worsening environmental problem and energy crisis and through degradation of organic contaminants and generation of hydrogen, respectively. 16,17 With everincreasing energy consumption that exceeds its supply, the globe is edging closer to a grave energy catastrophe.…”