Facile hydrothermal synthesis of mesoporous WO<sub>3</sub> /KIT-6 nanocomposite depicting great humidity sensitive properties

Jakhar, Shivani; Duhan, Surender; Nain, Sonia

doi:10.1080/14328917.2021.1940668

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…We observed monotonously decreasing resistance with the increase of relative humidity for all four sensors, where the resistance of the sensors at 85% RH was approximately 10 4 times smaller than at 0.5% RH. This 4 orders of magnitude change in resistance is comparable to the 3 -5 orders of magnitude sensitivity (ΔR across full measured RH range) reported for other high-performance mesoporous silica-based sensors in the past 5 years[52,55,67,68]. All mesopore architectures displayed significant differences in their behaviour across specific sections of the measured humidity range (0.5-85%), as visible in Figure4.…”

supporting

confidence: 80%

“…The less microporous sensors discussed in this work, SiO 2 -CTAB, SiO 2 -P, and SiO 2 -PIB35, are comparable to state of the art of silica-based humidity sensors reported the last 5 years. [52,64,71,72] while sensors with higher microporosity (e.g., SiO 2 -PF and SiO 2 -PIB15) exhibited slower response.…”

Section: Sensor Design Guidelines: Toward the Optimal Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the first studies introducing cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO-b-PPO-b-PEO) triblock copolymer templated mesoporous silica films as humidity sensors in the early 2000s [38,53], this fabrication route has become well established in the field of resistive humidity sensors. A substantial amount of recent research has been devoted to enhancing sensing performance of such matrices with dopants, such as Li [30,31], Na [36], K [33], Ag [54], or with nanocomposites, such as TiO2 [35], and WO3 [32,55].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, research efforts have been devoted to enhancing sensing performance of such matrices with dopants, such as Li, [ 29,30 ] Na, [ 49 ] K, [ 31 ] Ag, [ 50 ] or with nanocomposites, such as TiO 2 , [ 51 ] and WO 3 . [ 52 ] PEO‐ b ‐PPO‐ b ‐PEO is the most used BCP for co‐assembly, typically as commercially available 'P123' or 'PF127'. Recent works have, however, demonstrated the preparation of mesoporous materials containing large mesopores (>10 nm) with diblock high‐χ (highly amphiphilic with large Flory‐Huggins parameter) BCP SDAs, such as poly(isobutylene) ‐block‐ poly(ethylene oxide) (PIB‐ b ‐PEO), [ 53 ] poly(isoprene) ‐block‐ poly(ethylene oxide) (PI‐ b ‐PEO) [ 54 ] or hydrogenated poly(butadiene) ‐block‐ poly(ethylene oxide) (PHB‐ b ‐PEO).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Rational Design of Mesoporous Silica Humidity Sensors

Füredi

Álvarez-Fernández

Fornerod

et al. 2023

Advanced Sensor Research

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Mesoporous silica is commonly used as matrix for humidity sensors, which operate on the principle of relative humidity-dependent water uptake and read-out by resistive or capacitive means. Although numerous studies have been dedicated to improving the sensing performance, the effect of pore structure on sensing behaviour has not been systematically investigated so far.Herein, we showcase the effects of pore size and porosity on resistive sensing behaviour in the 0.5-85% relative humidity (RH) range. We employed evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) in combination with sol-gel chemistry to fabricate well-defined mesoporous silica thin films with high degree of structural control. Material architectures with pore sizes of 3 to 15 nm and porosities of 40 to 70% were rationally designed by using structure directing agents (SDAs) with increasing molecular weight and tuning the silica to SDA ratio. We found that a combination of pore size of 15 nm and 70% porosity showcases a particularly high sensitivity (~10 4 times change in resistance) in the measured range, with quick response and recovery times of 3 and 9 seconds, respectively. Across the various sensors, we identified a clear correlation between the pore size and the linear RH sensing range. Additionally, increasing the porosity while retaining the pore size, yields better overall sensitivity across the range. Our findings may serve as guidelines for developing broad spectrum high-performance mesoporous sensors and for sensors specifically engineered for optimal operation in specific RH ranges.

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supporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Sensor Design Guidelines: Toward the Optimal Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Rational Design of Mesoporous Silica Humidity Sensors

Füredi

Álvarez-Fernández

Fornerod

et al. 2023

Advanced Sensor Research

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supporting

confidence: 78%

On the rational design of mesoporous silica humidity sensors

Füredi

Álvarez-Fernández

Fornerod

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Mesoporous silica is commonly used as matrix for humidity sensors, which operate on the principle of relative humidity-dependent water uptake and read-out by resistive or capacitive means. Although numerous studies have been dedicated to improving the sensing performance, in particular with conductive additives, the effect of pore structure on sensing behaviour has not been systematically investigated so far. Herein, we showcase the effects of pore size and porosity on resistive sensing behaviour in the 0.5-85% relative humidity (RH) range. We employed evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) in combination with sol-gel chemistry to fabricate well-defined mesoporous silica thin films with high degree of structural control. Material architectures with pore sizes of 3 to 15 nm and porosities of 40 to 70% were rationally designed by using structure directing agents (SDAs) with increasing molecular weight and tuning the silica to SDA ratio. We found that a combination of pore size of 15 nm and 70% porosity showcases a particularly high sensitivity (~104 times change in resistance) in the measured range, with quick response and recovery times of 3 and 9 seconds, respectively. Across the various sensors, we identified a clear correlation between the pore size and the linear RH sensing range. Sensors with larger mesopores (~15 nm) exhibited higher sensitivity and linear response in the 65 to 85% RH range than sensors with smaller pores (<8 nm). Additionally, increasing the porosity while retaining the pore size, yields better overall sensitivity across the range. Our findings may serve as guidelines for developing broad spectrum high-performance mesoporous sensors and for sensors specifically engineered for optimal operation in specific RH ranges.

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Insights into V2O5/COK-12 nanostructures for RH sensor and catalytic applications

Rohilla,

Duhan

2024

J Mater Sci

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Facile hydrothermal synthesis of mesoporous WO₃ /KIT-6 nanocomposite depicting great humidity sensitive properties

Cited by 9 publications

References 55 publications

On the Rational Design of Mesoporous Silica Humidity Sensors

On the Rational Design of Mesoporous Silica Humidity Sensors

On the rational design of mesoporous silica humidity sensors

Insights into V2O5/COK-12 nanostructures for RH sensor and catalytic applications

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Facile hydrothermal synthesis of mesoporous WO3 /KIT-6 nanocomposite depicting great humidity sensitive properties

Cited by 9 publications

References 55 publications

On the Rational Design of Mesoporous Silica Humidity Sensors

On the Rational Design of Mesoporous Silica Humidity Sensors

On the rational design of mesoporous silica humidity sensors

Insights into V2O5/COK-12 nanostructures for RH sensor and catalytic applications

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Product

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Facile hydrothermal synthesis of mesoporous WO₃ /KIT-6 nanocomposite depicting great humidity sensitive properties