“…15 CDs have superior luminescence and biocompatibility, making them attractive for biomarkers, nanoscale fluorescent probes, and biological imaging applications. 16–18 Because CDs contain many carboxylic acid moieties at their surface and can possess variable surface functionalities, microstructures, surface state, and crystalline state, they have a wide range of applications in addition to their use in sensing, drug delivery, environmental pollutant monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases. 19–21 Furthermore, the fast-growing synthetic route of CDs has provided numerous technological platforms for CD applications over the years.…”