Facile preparation of a multifunctional superhydrophilic PVDF membrane for highly efficient organic dyes and heavy metal ions adsorption and oil/water emulsions separation

Tannic acid-based functional coating: surface engineering of membranes for oil-in-water emulsion separation

“…Besides, the removal of heavy metal ions and oil–water separation can be achieved by using the electrostatic and complexation effects of TA. For example, He et al combined TA with montmorillonite to prepare hydrophilic coatings 101 and found that anionic groups of the modified montmorillonite and the positively charged heavy metal ions can form complexes through electrostatic interactions. Therefore, heavy metal ions can be adsorbed during the oil–water separation process, and the adsorption rate of heavy metal ions such as Cu 2+ and Ni + can reach up to 80%.…”