Facile preparation of superhydrophobic candle soot coating and its wettability under condensation

Yuan, Zhiqing; Huang, Juan; Peng, Chaoyi; Wang, Menglei; Wang, Xian; Bin, Jiping; Xing, Shengtao; Xiao, Jiayu; Zeng, Jing; Xu, Xia; Fu, Xilin; Gong, Huifang; Zhao, Dongyuan; Chen, Hong

doi:10.1007/s00339-016-9664-z

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Simple deposition method is also investigated by many researchers. Coating material is multifarious, including silver ion, candle soot, and so on . Yuan et al utilized candle soot and simple deposition method to fabricate a superhydrophobic coating on a low‐density polyethylene substrate.…”

Section: Fabrication Of Superhydrophobic Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Wetting Models and Working Mechanisms of Typical Surfaces Existing in Nature and Their Application on Superhydrophobic Surfaces: A Review

Jiaqiang

Deng

et al. 2017

Adv Materials Inter

115

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decades, researchers have shown great interests in bionics, which was a new multidisciplinary subject inspired by biological characteristics and features to imitate it to build technology devices. [1] With the rise of biomimetic biomaterial researches, a lot of attention was paid on the observation of living organism, especially on plant leaves, such as lotus, rice, taro leaves, etc. [2] As the development of scanning electron microscope (SEM), a wealth of data dealing with SEM of plant surface has been published since 1960s. [3] The cuticular structure was investigated with regard to function, and substances that were secreted onto the cuticle had great effects on the surface properties, while intracuticular waxes were the main barrier to wettability. [4] Some kinds of special wettability like superhydrophobicity and superhydrophilicity were also found in other surfaces, such as self-cleaning lotus leaf, [5] hydrophilicity of red rose petals, [6,7] the anisotropic dewetting behavior on rice leaf, [8,9] hydrophobicity of shark skin, [10] gecko toe, [11] insect wings, [12] etc., and striking superhydrophobic force provided by a water strider's legs, [13] and they were all related to the unique microstructures on their surface. In fact, the special wettability of surfaces is attributed to the interaction of both the surface microstructures and surface covers. As the development and progress of the observation device, smaller nanosized structures were found on the microstructure, and better properties of multiscale hierarchical structure was shown then. [14] Wetting is a phenomenon that solid interface was transferred from solid-gas interface to solid-liquid interface, wettability was a kind of ability that a liquid could be unfolded on one solid surface. The wettability of surface could be characterized by contact angle (CA) of interface. Sliding angle (SA) and contact angle hysteresis were introduced to evaluate the highly valued superhydrophobicity and superhydrophilicity of surfaces. Superhydrophilicity was defied as that of CA was smaller than 5°, superhydrophobicity was defied as that of CA was greater than 150°, as well as a really small sliding angle. It is worth noting that many researchers applied themselves to excavate the theories under the phenomena. Young's equation, Wenzel equation, and Cassie-Baxter equation [15,16] were the representations of hundreds years of research results. Improving and developing Surfaces of plants and animals are evolved to optimal states to accommodate environments better after billions of years of natural selection. As the development of further study on bionics, surfaces with special wetting properties in nature are discovered, extremely related to the micro-/nanostructures on surface. The wetting models and wetting mechanism of several surfaces in nature are investigated, followed by lifting the veil of superhydrophobic field. Various facile, effective, and convenient methods for fabricating superhydrophobic surfaces are obtained and optimized in scientific research and ...

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Section: Fabrication Of Superhydrophobic Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Wetting Models and Working Mechanisms of Typical Surfaces Existing in Nature and Their Application on Superhydrophobic Surfaces: A Review

Jiaqiang

Deng

et al. 2017

Adv Materials Inter

115

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“…Candle soot is a well‐known cost‐effective source of carbon nanoparticles and exhibits superb solar absorbent property. [ 79,80 ] The dopamine treated luffa sponge with the black candle soot coating on the top surface as referred by surface‐modified luffa sponge (SM‐LS) in this paper, achieved 64.75% evaporation efficiency under one sun illumination while taking into account the spontaneous evaporation in the dark field and 3.8 times higher evaporation rate compared to pristine luffa sponge. A small prototype was developed to demonstrate the performance of SM‐LS in outdoor clean water production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Solar Driven Interfacial Steam Generation Derived from Biodegradable Luffa Sponge

Saleque

Ahmed

et al. 2021

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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energy sector's two-superseding obstacles on the road to a sustainable future. [1][2][3] As the proven reserves of fossil fuels decrease, renewable energy sources have been sought in high demand, of which solar power is the most promising and potentially limitless source of energy in the foreseeable future. The energy from the sun to the earth is as high as 3 × 10 24 Jules per year, just 0.1% of the total solar resource would be sufficient to satisfy the annual worldwide energy demand. At present, solarsteam generation, which particularly refers to solar vapor under 100 °C, is considered to be one of the most promising sectors among other solar energy harvesting technologies owing to its potential applications in modern power plants, chemical plants, liquid-liquid phase separation, water purification and desalination, wastewater treatment, and many others. [4,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Among which water purification and desalination are gaining a lot of interest due to the recent lack of drinkable clean water supplies across the globe. Other competitive technologies for the production of freshwater, such as solid-liquid extraction, [13,15] electrochemical analysis [16,17] membrane-based separation, [18,19] etc. have many drawbacks, including high energy usage, possible environmental emissions, high infrastructure capital costs, etc.However, the efficiency of the traditional solar-steam generation method is below 24%, even with a high optical concentration ratio. [20] The traditional approach involves water evaporation by converting solar radiation directly to heat for steam generation commonly by using bulk metals. These bulk metals are inefficient in absorbing the solar spectrum and transferring heat through bulk water. As a consequence, its performance is limited by localized heat generation and transfer losses. [12,20,21] By contrast, interfacial solar vapor generation (ISVG) can localize the heat on the evaporation surface and, rather than the whole water, selectively heating the evaporation portion to minimize heat transfer to the water and significantly increase the solar evaporation efficiency. Therefore, ISVG has emerged as a novel concept for the solar steam generation with higher efficiency, attributes to the recent developments in nanoscale structural design with efficient photon and thermal management known as photothermal conversion materials. [1,[22][23][24][25][26] The photothermal conversion materials should have strong solar absorption and low thermal conductivity to achieve greater efficiency. [6,12] Moreover, it is also desirable to have superior hydrophilicity and porosity for fast water and A chemically treated luffa sponge (LS) derived from the ripe fruit of the Luffa cylindrica (LC) plant is investigated as an efficient solar photothermal conversion material for water purification applications for the very first time. Hydrophilicity and solar absorbance of the LS are enhanced by dopamine treatment and candle soot surface coating. The fabricated surface modified LS (SM-LS) leads to a sup...

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“…Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of PDMS has been used to fabricate robust, antireflective superhydrophobic surfaces with candle soot as template . Using candle soot on low density polyethylene (LPDE), superhydrophobic surfaces with extreme water repellency under condensation was also fabricated . Later, a transparent, robust and thermally stable PDMS derived superhydrophobic surface was prepared using calcination in air .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Fabrication and Characterization of a PDMS-Derived Candle Soot Coated Stable Biocompatible Superhydrophobic and Superhemophobic Surface

Iqbal

Majhy

Sen

2017

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

113

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We report a simple, inexpensive, rapid, and one-step method for the fabrication of a stable and biocompatible superhydrophobic and superhemophobic surface. The proposed surface comprises candle soot particles embedded in a mixture of PDMS+n-hexane serving as the base material. The mechanism responsible for the superhydrophobic behavior of the surface is explained, and the surface is characterized based on its morphology and elemental composition, wetting properties, mechanical and chemical stability, and biocompatibility. The effect of %n-hexane in PDMS, the thickness of the PDMS+n-hexane layer (in terms of spin coating speed) and sooting time on the wetting property of the surface is studied. The proposed surface exhibits nanoscale surface asperities (average roughness of 187 nm), chemical compositions of soot particles, very high water and blood repellency along with excellent mechanical and chemical stability and excellent biocompatibility against blood sample and biological cells. The water contact angle and roll-off angle is measured as 160° ± 1° and 2°, respectively, and the blood contact angle is found to be 154° ± 1°, which indicates that the surface is superhydrophobic and superhemophobic. The proposed superhydrophobic and superhemophobic surface offers significantly improved (>40%) cell viability as compared to glass and PDMS surfaces.

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Facile preparation of superhydrophobic candle soot coating and its wettability under condensation

Cited by 17 publications

References 49 publications

Wetting Models and Working Mechanisms of Typical Surfaces Existing in Nature and Their Application on Superhydrophobic Surfaces: A Review

Wetting Models and Working Mechanisms of Typical Surfaces Existing in Nature and Their Application on Superhydrophobic Surfaces: A Review

Solar Driven Interfacial Steam Generation Derived from Biodegradable Luffa Sponge

Facile Fabrication and Characterization of a PDMS-Derived Candle Soot Coated Stable Biocompatible Superhydrophobic and Superhemophobic Surface

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