Zinc telluride (ZnTe)
quantum dots (QDs) were synthesized by a
unique supersaturation-controlled aqueous route. For a given pH, increasing
the degree of initial supersaturation led to a decrease in the average
diameter (d
avg) of the QDs and increased
monodispersity. Three samples of ZnTe QDs having average sizes of
0.8, 1.7, and 2.2 nm were synthesized (hence named ZnTe_0.8, ZnTe_1.7,
and ZnTe_2.2). Nonlinear absorption (NLA) and nonlinear refraction
(NLR) of these colloidal ZnTe QDs of different sizes were investigated
by the Z-scan technique using a continuous He–Ne
laser (632.8 nm, 15 mW). Isotropic assembly of ZnTe_2.2 leads to the
formation of nanoballs (hence named ZnTe_NB). The NLA profile of smaller
QDs, ZnTe_1.7 and ZnTe_0.8, was found to follow a three-photon absorption
(3PA) model, while relatively bigger QDs, ZnTe_2.2, followed a two-photon
absorption (2PA) model. On moving from ZnTe_0.8 to ZnTe_1.7, the three-photon
absorption coefficient (γ) decreases by 26% (3.00 × 10–4 → 2.21 × 10–4 cm3/MW2). The two-photon absorption coefficient (β)
for ZnTe_2.2 is 0.3 cm/MW. For a 63% decrease in average diameter
(2.2 → 0.8 nm), the refractive index (n
2) increases by 45% (2.48 × 10–2 →
3.6 × 10–2 cm2/MW). Overall, the
NLR coefficient shows a decreasing trend with size. Upon isotropic
self-assembly, ZnTe_NB, there is a significant increase in the NLR
coefficient by 40% (2.48 × 10–2 → 3.48
× 10–2 cm2/MW) and a simultaneous
decrease in the NLA coefficient by 45% (0.3 → 0.166 cm/MW).
The figure of merit was also determined for all of the samples, and
it was found that ZnTe_2.2 and ZnTe_0.8 were best suited for all-optical
device applications. Further, the self-assembled nanostructures are
promising for making optical waveguides for supercontinuum generation
(SCG).