Facile Production Method of PbS Nanoparticles via Mechanical Milling of Galena Ore

Abstract

In this research, some physical properties such as the density, specific heat capacity, and micro-hardness of galena ore lumps purchased from the public market were determined. The microscopic study, using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), confirmed that the as-received galena ore was mostly lead sulfide (PbS). The XRD pattern of the galena powder also elucidated that all the peaks were assigned to PbS. In addition, the as-received galena was roughly crushed, and fine-milled using a high-vibration milling machine with tungsten carbide rings. Nanoscale particles of about 90 nm were produced in a very short milling time of around 15 min. The obtained nanoscale powder was well investigated in the SEM at low and high magnifications to assess the exact range of particle size. Meanwhile, the SEM was employed to investigate the microstructure of sintered samples, where a part of the milled galena powder was compacted and sintered at 700 °C for 2 h. Again, the result of this investigation proved the formation of PbS with even smaller grain size compared with the grain size of the starting galena ore. A high relative sinter density of approximately 97% for galena powder was achieved by sintering under vacuum.

Study of Galena Ore Powder Sintering and Its Microstructure

“…The formation of galena is often linked to the hydrothermal alteration of leadbearing minerals in the presence of sulfur-rich fluids. Additional compounds like lead carbonate and lead sulfate can also be present in galena, depending on the location of the ore mining site [1][2][3][4][5][6]. PbS, with a lead-to-sulfur ratio of 86:13 mass percent, is found in the Japanese and American galena ores [1].…”