Facile Self‐Assembly of Intermetallic [Ni<sub>2</sub>Gd<sub>2</sub>] Cubane Aggregate for Magnetic Refrigeration

Wang, Pei; Shannigrahi, Santiranjan; Yakovlev, N.L.; Hor, T. S. Andy

doi:10.1002/asia.201300838

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Gadolinium exhibits paramagnetic properties due to the presence of unpaired electrons, and these electrons realign under external magnetic field leading to an increase in the material's temperature. [12] Upon removal of the magnetic field, the electron paths become unaligned, which eventually leads to cooling of the material. [11] In this study, it was not possible to relate the temperature variations to paramagnetic properties (concentration) of gadolinium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the atoms become more aligned, resulting with reduced entropy of the system, the material's temperature rises. [12] Upon removal of the magnetic field, the electron paths become unaligned, which eventually leads to cooling of the material. [11] During this heating and cooling period, heat is exchanged between the gadolinium based contrast agent and its surroundings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of gadolinium concentration on temperature change under magnetic field

Arda¹,

Akay²,

Erişken

2019

PLoS ONE

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Gadolinium based contrast agents (GBCAs) were found to play a role in nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in patients with and without renal impairment. Therefore, preserving the structural stability of GBCAs to reduce their propensity to liberate Gd 3+ is of utmost importance. This study evaluates the effect of gadolinium concentration of GBCAs on solution temperature under magnetic fields. It is hypothesized that presence of gadolinium will lead to temperature changes of its solutions under magnetic field, and this change will depend on concentration. In this study, GBCAs were diluted to concentrations of 0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4 mMol/L. A 10mL preparation in pure water, simulated body fluid (SBF), and plasma was scanned at 3T following a soft tissue neck protocol, and their temperatures were measured. Findings revealed that concentration of GBCA had significant effect on temperature change in all dilution media. Type of commercially available GBCA had an effect only in SFB and plasma. Evaluation of correlation between conditional stability constant (K cond ) and temperature difference (ΔT) revealed that in water and SBF there exists a positive correlation between K cond and temperature variation. Collectively, GBCAs can cause local temperature variations when administered into patients, and can affect dissociation of gadolinium from its chelates, which should be investigated in a further study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of gadolinium concentration on temperature change under magnetic field

Arda¹,

Akay²,

Erişken

2019

PLoS ONE

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“…Around the same time, Hor et al reported a simple one‐pot self‐assembly of a {

{Ni}_{2}^{II}

Gd 2 } heterometallic cubane, 103 ,85a which was stable in CH 2 Cl 2 , as supported by the electrospray ionization mass spectrum. The –Δ S m values of 103 under all fields increase as the temperature drops from 7.5 to 4.5 K, reaching a maximum of 34.4 J kg −1 K −1 for an applied field of 70 kOe at 4.5 K, which is approximately the same as the theoretical maximum –Δ S m value of 37.6 J kg −1 K −1 .…”

Section: Recent Advances In Coordination‐cluster‐based Molecular Magnmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Based on the above considerations, various 3d‐Ln III cluster‐based‐CPs, serving as molecular magnetic refrigerants, have been extensively synthesized and investigated (Tables and ),68–110,113 including Mn–Ln, Co–Ln, Ni–Ln, Cu–Ln, Cr–Ln, Fe–Ln, and Zn–Ln.…”

Section: Recent Advances In Coordination‐cluster‐based Molecular Magnmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The –Δ S m values of 103 under all fields increase as the temperature drops from 7.5 to 4.5 K, reaching a maximum of 34.4 J kg −1 K −1 for an applied field of 70 kOe at 4.5 K, which is approximately the same as the theoretical maximum –Δ S m value of 37.6 J kg −1 K −1 . When the Co II ions were replaced by Ni II ions, they harvested a series of {

{Ni}_{3}^{II}

Ln} cubane‐like clusters,85b [

{Ni}_{3}^{II}

Ln(hmp) 4 (OAc) 5 ] · (CH 2 Cl 2 ) · (H 2 O), (Ln=Gd for 104a , Tb for 104b , Dy for 104c , Ho for 104d , and Y for 104e ), which were similar to their previously reported {

{Co}_{3}^{II}

Ln} aggregates 76. Magnetic results demonstrate the ferromagnetic properties of the {

{Ni}_{3}^{II}

Ln} cores and the heterometallic influence on the magnetocaloric properties.…”

Section: Recent Advances In Coordination‐cluster‐based Molecular Magnmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coordination‐Cluster‐Based Molecular Magnetic Refrigerants

Zhang

Cheng

2016

The Chemical Record

100

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Coordination polymers serving as molecular magnetic refrigerants have been attracting great interest. In particular, coordination cluster compounds that demonstrate their apparent advantages on cryogenic magnetic refrigerants have attracted more attention in the last five years. Herein, we mainly focus on depicting aspects of syntheses, structures, and magnetothermal properties of coordination clusters that serve as magnetic refrigerants on account of the magnetocaloric effect. The documented molecular magnetic refrigerants are classified into two primary categories according to the types of metal centers, namely, homo- and heterometallic clusters. Every section is further divided into several subgroups based on the metal nuclearity and their dimensionalities, including discrete molecular clusters and those with extended structures constructed from molecular clusters. The objective is to present a rough overview of recent progress in coordination-cluster-based molecular magnetic refrigerants and provide a tutorial for researchers who are interested in the field.

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Low‐Dimensional Carboxylate‐Bridged Gd^III Complexes for Magnetic Refrigeration

Liu

Xie

Jia

et al. 2014

Chemistry An Asian Journal

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Four carboxylate-bridged Gd(III) complexes (1-4) with 1D/2D structures have been synthesized by using the hydrothermal reaction of Gd2O3 with various carboxylate ligands. Compounds 1 and 2 contained the same [2n] Gd(III)-OH ladders, but with different crystallographically independent Gd(III) ions, whilst the structures of compounds 3 and 4 were composed of [Gd4(μ3-OH)2(piv)8(H2O)2](2+) units and 1D ladder Gd(III) chains, respectively. Antiferromagnetic interactions occurred in compounds 1-3, owing to their small Gd-O-Gd angles, whereas ferromagnetic coupling occurred in compound 4, in which the Gd-O-Gd angles were larger. These complexes exhibited a distinct magnetocaloric effect (MCE), which was affected by their different magnetic densities and exchange interactions. Among these compounds, complex 4 presented the largest MCE (-ΔS(m)(max)=43.6 J kg(-1) K(-1)), the lowest M(w)/N(Gd) ratio (the highest magnetic density), and weak ferromagnetic coupling. Therefore, a lower M(w)/N(Gd) ratio and weaker exchange interactions (a smaller absolute value of θ) between Gd(III) ions resulted in a larger MCE for the Gd(III) complexes.

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Facile Self‐Assembly of Intermetallic [Ni₂Gd₂] Cubane Aggregate for Magnetic Refrigeration

Cited by 22 publications

References 44 publications

Effect of gadolinium concentration on temperature change under magnetic field

Effect of gadolinium concentration on temperature change under magnetic field

Coordination‐Cluster‐Based Molecular Magnetic Refrigerants

Low‐Dimensional Carboxylate‐Bridged Gd^III Complexes for Magnetic Refrigeration

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Facile Self‐Assembly of Intermetallic [Ni2Gd2] Cubane Aggregate for Magnetic Refrigeration

Cited by 22 publications

References 44 publications

Effect of gadolinium concentration on temperature change under magnetic field

Effect of gadolinium concentration on temperature change under magnetic field

Coordination‐Cluster‐Based Molecular Magnetic Refrigerants

Low‐Dimensional Carboxylate‐Bridged GdIII Complexes for Magnetic Refrigeration

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Facile Self‐Assembly of Intermetallic [Ni₂Gd₂] Cubane Aggregate for Magnetic Refrigeration

Low‐Dimensional Carboxylate‐Bridged Gd^III Complexes for Magnetic Refrigeration