Abstract:For single-crystal TiO2/PbTiO3 nanofiber composites, anatase TiO2 nanorods grew on the surface of tetragonal perovskite (TP) PbTiO3 nanofibers to form TiO2/PbTiO3 heterostructures.
“…3d-g) was conducted to check whether the constituent elements C/O/N/Pb are uniformly distributed in the composite; results show that this is the case and no hot spots are present. Bright field as well as high-resolution TEM images and the selected area electron diffraction (SAED) [54].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Micropores and mesopores can be clearly seen in the porous frame, and polymorphism of PbTiO 3 and TiO 2 is also confirmed. The crystalline lattice spacings are calculated to be 0.32, 0.35, and 0.39 nm, which are attributed to the (110) plane of anatase, (101) plane of rutile, and (100) plane of PbTiO 3 [ 54 ]. Fig.…”
HIGHLIGHTS• PbTiO 3 /TiO 2 @carbon (PTC) composites with trimodal pore distribution were synthesized by a dual-template method. Localized quasi-1D nanoneedle morphology was formed that can promote charge separation.• The as-prepared PTC nanocomposites with optimal mass ratio exhibited excellent photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical performances.ABSTRACT An effective method to improve the photocatalytic performances of powder catalysts is to use the internal electric field from ferroelectrics to separate photogenerated charge carriers. The design and engineering of a complex hetero-junction with a hierarchical pore structure is highly desirable for the efficient application of ferroelectric materials in photocatalysis. Here, we present a novel strategy using two templates to fabricate PbTiO 3 /TiO 2 /carbon (PTC) nanocomposites with a tunable microstructure. A hard SiO 2 template combined with an ice template followed by an appropriate pyrolysis procedure introduced trimodal (micro-, meso-, macro-) porosity. The as-prepared PTC nanocomposites with optimal mass ratio exhibited excellent photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical performances. PbTiO 3 /TiO 2 annealed at 900 °C (PTC-900) showed a MB degradation rate of 0.21 and 0.021 min −1 under UV and visible light irradiation, which are, respectively, 7.2 and 3 times those of pure PbTiO 3 . The photocurrent density of the composite catalyst is 1.48 mA cm −2 at the potential of 1.0 V versus saturated calomel electrode, and the rates of hydrogen generation of PTC-900 are as high as 2360 and 9.6 μmol h −1 g −1 under UV and visible light irradiation, respectively. More importantly, the simultaneous application of ultrasound-induced mechanical waves further improved the photocatalytic reactivity. This work serves to improve understanding on the design of ferroelectric/piezoelectric photocatalysts with a hierarchical pore structure and also proposes a widely applicable strategy for the fabrication of high-performance micro-nano/nano-nano structures.
“…3d-g) was conducted to check whether the constituent elements C/O/N/Pb are uniformly distributed in the composite; results show that this is the case and no hot spots are present. Bright field as well as high-resolution TEM images and the selected area electron diffraction (SAED) [54].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Micropores and mesopores can be clearly seen in the porous frame, and polymorphism of PbTiO 3 and TiO 2 is also confirmed. The crystalline lattice spacings are calculated to be 0.32, 0.35, and 0.39 nm, which are attributed to the (110) plane of anatase, (101) plane of rutile, and (100) plane of PbTiO 3 [ 54 ]. Fig.…”
HIGHLIGHTS• PbTiO 3 /TiO 2 @carbon (PTC) composites with trimodal pore distribution were synthesized by a dual-template method. Localized quasi-1D nanoneedle morphology was formed that can promote charge separation.• The as-prepared PTC nanocomposites with optimal mass ratio exhibited excellent photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical performances.ABSTRACT An effective method to improve the photocatalytic performances of powder catalysts is to use the internal electric field from ferroelectrics to separate photogenerated charge carriers. The design and engineering of a complex hetero-junction with a hierarchical pore structure is highly desirable for the efficient application of ferroelectric materials in photocatalysis. Here, we present a novel strategy using two templates to fabricate PbTiO 3 /TiO 2 /carbon (PTC) nanocomposites with a tunable microstructure. A hard SiO 2 template combined with an ice template followed by an appropriate pyrolysis procedure introduced trimodal (micro-, meso-, macro-) porosity. The as-prepared PTC nanocomposites with optimal mass ratio exhibited excellent photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical performances. PbTiO 3 /TiO 2 annealed at 900 °C (PTC-900) showed a MB degradation rate of 0.21 and 0.021 min −1 under UV and visible light irradiation, which are, respectively, 7.2 and 3 times those of pure PbTiO 3 . The photocurrent density of the composite catalyst is 1.48 mA cm −2 at the potential of 1.0 V versus saturated calomel electrode, and the rates of hydrogen generation of PTC-900 are as high as 2360 and 9.6 μmol h −1 g −1 under UV and visible light irradiation, respectively. More importantly, the simultaneous application of ultrasound-induced mechanical waves further improved the photocatalytic reactivity. This work serves to improve understanding on the design of ferroelectric/piezoelectric photocatalysts with a hierarchical pore structure and also proposes a widely applicable strategy for the fabrication of high-performance micro-nano/nano-nano structures.
“…Moreover, the high electron-hole pairs recombination rate and low quantum yield were also serious problems affecting the efficiency of TiO 2 . [9][10][11] Consequently, it is an effective method to couple different catalysts with TiO 2 to form heterostructures, [12] Such as BiFeO 3 /TiO 2 , [13] PbTiO 3 /TiO 2 , [14] FeT-iO 3 /TiO 2 , [15] SrTiO 3 /TiO 2 , [16] etc.…”
The novel BaSnO 3 /TiO 2 @HNTs photocatalysts were successfully synthesized by co-precipitation peroxide and sol-gel methods. Microstructures, morphologies, compositions, optical and electrochemical properties of the composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and ion chromatography (IC) methods. The effects of different mass ratios of BaSnO 3 and TiO 2 @HNTs, initial concentration and pH of methylene blue (MB) on the photocatalytic degradation performance of the composites were studied via photodegradation of MB under simulated sunlight irradiation. The characterization results showed that BaSnO 3 /TiO 2 heterojunction and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) enhanced the electron-hole pairs separation. The BaSnO 3 /TiO 2 @HNTs (BTH-0.6) composites presented the highest specific surface area (67.957 m 2 /g), photocatalytic activity (92 %), and MB (C t = 40 mg/L, pH 7) degradation efficiency (2-4 times that of TiO 2 , BaSnO 3 and BaSnO 3 /TiO 2 ). Furthermore, the capture experiments verified that ⋅OH, h + and ⋅O 2 À were the main active substances during the photo-catalytic reaction, and a possible degradation mechanism was suggested for their photocatalytic degradation in the presence of BaSnO 3 /TiO 2 @HNTs.
“…Figure (f) shows the SAED pattern of PbTiO 3 nanorods. The SAED pattern shows sharp bright dots due to the crystalline nature of PbTiO 3 nanorods ,,. It is noticed that the reaction performed at the pH 12 under ultrasonication results nanorods like morphology (major), whereas in the absence of an ultrasonic process an irregular shape results (See Supporting information).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Therefore, PbTiO 3 , (d(0) and d(10) metal oxide), be able to utilize as a potential visible‐light photocatalyst for overall water splitting ,. In addition, PbTiO 3 is significant material for its colossal magnetoresistivity, piezoelectricity, and ferroelectricity which makes it very important for original research and several technical applications …”
Lead titania (PbTiO 3 ) possessing nanorods morphology was synthesized through facile and straightforward sonochemical approach using titanium tetraisopropoxide and lead nitrate as a starting material followed by annealing at 700°C for 2 h and was utilized as an efficient photocatalyst to examine the degradation of Congo red dye (CR) under visible light. The assynthesized PbTiO 3 nanorods were characterized by physicalchemical methods such as phase identification, morphology, Chemical composition, and elemental analysis. To study the effect of PbTiO 3 nanorods on dye degradation, various experimental parameters such as photocatalyst dosage, pH, and initial dye concentration was optimized. About 92% dye was degraded at pH 6 in the existence of PbTiO 3 nanorods under visible light. To know the mineralization of Congo red in the presence of sonochemically synthesized PbTiO 3 nanorods, the total organic carbon (TOC) removal studies carried out and it shows about 46% Congo red can be totally abated in 150 min under visible light.
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