Facile synthesis of hollow microspheres of polyaniline using poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) as dopant

Abstract

In a conventional chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline in poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) aqueous solution, hollow microspheres of polyaniline were easily prepared, instead of common particles. The morphology of the hollow microspheres was studied and confirmed using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The molecular structure, room temperature conductivities and thermal stability of the resulting polyaniline were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the standard DC four-probe method, thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis. The influence of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) and aniline on the morphology and physical properties of the resulting polymer were investigated. The results showed that the proper ratio of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) and aniline was a critical factor in the synthesis of hollow microspheres, which may be related to the chemical structure of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) as polyanion and of polyaniline as polycation and the electrostatic interaction between them in the doping process. A possible formation mechanism is proposed in this work.

Conducting polyaniline nanorods doped with aromatic carboxyl chain end functionalized polystyrene

“…A series of PANI derivatives doped with polymeric acids have been reported in the literature . Polyaniline doped with sulfonated polyanions such as poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid) and poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid) has been prepared by the chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline to afford polyanilines composites as nanospheres and nanoplates with excellent electrical conductivity [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70]. Furthermore, carboxylated functionalized polymers such as polyacrylic acid and poly(methylvinylether-alt-maleic acid) have been employed as polymeric dopants in the chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline to afford well defined conducting doped PANI derivatives with controlled nanomorphology [71][72][73][74][75][76][77].…”

Facile synthesis method of poly(3,5‐dimethyoxyaniline) hollow microsphere through interfacial polymerisation approach using camphorsulfonic acid as the doping agent

“…Moreover, the conducting polymer possessing hollow microsphere structure can be applied in the controlled drug release, catalyst, dye encapsulation, microwave absorber and so on [7][8][9][10]. The conducting polymer hollow microsphere can be prepared by various methods, such as template-assisted chemical polymerisation [11,12], pulse voltage electrochemical polymerisation [13], emulsion polymerisation [14] and self-assembly methods [15]. Among these methods, the emulsion polymerisation could be the easiest approach and has been adopted by many researchers to prepare conducting polymer microspheres.…”